INTRODUCTION Solving complex problems such as preventing chronic diseases introduces unique challenges for the creation and application of knowledge, or knowledge to action (KTA). KTA approaches that apply principles of systems thinking are thought to hold promise, but practical strategies for their application are not well understood. In this paper we report the results of a scan of systems ap...

The third-order optical nonlinearities in undoped and Fe-doped KTA crystals have been measured using the Z-scan technique with femtosecond pulses at 780-nm wavelength. The nonlinear refractive index is determined to be 1.7×10−15 cm2/W and 0, 9×10−15 cm2/W for undoped and Fe-doped KTA, respectively. No two-photon absorption occurs in these crystals. It is shown that doping with Fe2O3 could weake...

BACKGROUND Simultaneous kidney and pancreas (SPK) transplantation is an attractive option for end-stage renal disease patients with type 1 diabetes. Although SPK transplantation is superior to remaining on dialysis, the survival advantage for SPK recipients compared to kidney transplantation alone (KTA) is controversial. METHODS Using data obtained from the Scientific Registry of Transplant R...

The CCN-relevant properties and droplet growth kinetics are determined for marine organic matter isolated from seawater collected near the Georgia coast. The organic matter is substantially less CCN active than (NH4)2SO4, but droplet growth kinetics were similar. Köhler Theory Analysis (KTA) is used to determine the average organic molar masses of two samples, which are 4370±24% and 4340±18% kg...

This study presents a new method, Köhler Theory Analysis (KTA), to infer the molar volume and solubility of organic aerosol constituents. The method is based on measurements of surface tension, chemical composition, and CCN activity coupled with Köhler theory. KTA is evaluated by inferring the molar volume of six known organics (four dicarboxylic acids, one amino acid, and one sugar) in pure fo...

BACKGROUND Therapeutic drug monitoring of cyclosporin A (CsA) is an obvious necessity because of its unpredictable absorption and narrow therapeutic window. The use of limited sampling models (LSMs) has improved the estimation of the systemic exposure [area under curve (AUC)] compared with C(0h) monitoring, but these equations are rigid and not reliable in patients with an abnormal absorption p...

We study the problem of evaluating the goodness of a kernel matrix for a classification task. As kernel matrix evaluation is usually used in other expensive procedures like feature and model selections, the goodness measure must be calculated efficiently. Most previous approaches are not efficient, except for Kernel Target Alignment (KTA) that can be calculated in O(n) time complexity. Although...

Hyperthyroidism is one of the causes of thyrotoxicosis and the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in Korea is Graves disease. The diagnosis and treatment of Graves disease are different according to geographical area. Recently, the American Thyroid Association and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists suggested new management guidelines for hyperthyroidism. However, these guid...