Harmful elements (Pb, Se, Cd, etc.) in the soil samples were measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method. We investigated the influence of the thickness of soil layer, the grain size of soils, and the water content in soils on XRF intensity. Since high-energy XRF such as Cd K was detected in deep inside of soils, a thickness of 10 mm was recommended. The soil sample with a small grain size gave...

The stability of Hg in an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene disk certified reference material (ABS disk CRM, NMIJ CRM 8116-a) during measurements by wavelength dispersion X-ray fluorescence (WD-XRF) analysis was evaluated in this study. The XRF intensities of Hg (L(α)) and Pb (L(α)) as well as the XRF intensity ratios of Hg (L(α))/Pb (L(α)) observed under different X-ray tube current conditions a...

Micro-XRF is a significant tool for the analysis of small regions. A micro-X-ray beam can be created in the laboratory by various focusing X-ray optics. Previously, nondestructive 3D-XRF analysis had not been easy because of the high penetration of fluorescent X-rays emitted into the sample. A recently developed confocal micro-XRF technique combined with polycapillary X-ray lenses enables depth...

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry has been used by the oil industry since the 1950s. XRF can be found supporting activities in exploration, production, research as well as intellectual properties. Traditional applications for XRF were the analysis of single element or a limited range of multiple elements. Today, XRF encompasses high precision full spectral elemental profiles along with high...

Enhancement of XRF intensity was investigated by using an Au coated glass-capillary. Au was electroplated on an inner wall of the glass-capillary with a thickness of 100 nm. The Au coated glass-capillary was attached to a micro focus x-ray tube. The XRF intensity from the pure metal samples was measured by a silicon drift x-ray detector. It was confirmed that the intensity of XRF was enhanced b...

We report the discovery of optical and radio afterglow emission from the extremely soft X-ray flash, XRF 020903. Our spectroscopic observations provide the first redshift for an X-ray flash, thereby setting the distance scale for these events. At z = 0.251, XRF 020903 is one of the nearest cosmic explosions ever detected, second only to the recent GRB 030329 and the unusual GRB 980425/SN 1998bw...