High-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome followed by chronic kidney disease caused by intestinal endotoxemia have received extensive attention. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and oxidative stress-related Nrf2/Keap1 were regarded as the key target points involved in metabolic inflammation and kidney injury. However, the molecular mechanism of interaction between TLR4/...

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal toxic that can cause health problems including lung injury. This study was set out to meet the growing demand for effective treatment of diseases and explore mechanism caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE, natural phenolic acid) protect against Cd-caused damage. In this study, CAPE significantly increased mice body weight, decreased W/D ratio, alleviated histomorphol...

Lasting activations of toll-like receptors (TLRs), MAPK and NF-κB pathways can support influenza A virus (IAV) infection and promote pneumonia. In this study, we have investigated the effect and mechanism of action of emodin on IAV infection using qRT-PCR, western blotting, ELISA, Nrf2 luciferase reporter, siRNA and plaque inhibition assays. The results showed that emodin could significantly in...

toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4), considered one of  the most important tlr, recognizes lipopolysaccharide of  gram-negative bacteria. recognition  of  ligands by  tlrs  induces signaling pathways resulting in activation of transcriptional factors such as nf-κb which are involved in  the  expression of  inflammatory cytokines and  chemokines. to  prevent  an inappropriate immune response, a complex ...

The aim of present study was to evaluate whether diets supplemented with dihydroartemisinin (DHA) could alleviate intestinal inflammatory injury in weaned piglets intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Twelve normal birth weight (NBW) and 12 IUGR were fed a basal diet (NBW-CON IUCR-CON groups), another the DHA at 80 mg/kg (IUGR-DHA group) from 21 49 d age. At age, 8 similar body each group sac...

objective(s): this study aims to determine the effects of ozone therapy on restoring impaired nrf2 activation to ameliorate chronic tubulointerstitial injury in rats with adenine-induced ckd. materials and methods: sprague–dawley rats were fed with 0.75% adenine-containing diet to induce ckd and chronic tubulointerstitial injury. ozone therapy was administered by rectal insufflation. after 4 we...

signaling amp-activated protein kinase (ampk), an energy sensing enzyme, has been implicated in controlling inflammation. in this study we investigated whether activation of ampk by metformin could protect the lung from lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced acute injury by inhibitingng tlr4 pathway. male wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6): control group received normal saline (0.5...

Objective(s): This study aims to determine the effects of ozone therapy on restoring impaired Nrf2 activation to ameliorate chronic tubulointerstitial injury in rats with adenine-induced CKD. Materials and Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats were fed with 0.75% adenine-containing diet to induce CKD and chronic tubulointerstitial injury. Ozone therapy was administered by rectal insufflation. After 4 we...

ObjectiveTo discuss the hotspots and future trends of autophagy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provide a reference for researchers this field.MethodUsing visual analysis tools, metrological statistics research on pertinent literature area use TCM were undertaken core collection database Web Science. By examining authors, keywords, circumstances, hotspots, linked research, was investigate...

Abstract: Sulforaphane (SPN) is reported to activate the Nrf2/Keap1 complex responsible for protein and gene expression promotion of various antioxidant enzymes. The present study examined role Nrf2 in modulating other signaling pathways involved SPN’s attenuation acrolein (ACL)-induced cardiomyopathy rats. Forty-two rat was categorized into seven 4-week treatment groups: control, SPN, losartan...