ôbjective: previous studies have suggested that anxiety disorders are more prevalent among women than men. the purpose of this study was to compare the metacognitive perspective of generalized ânxiety disorder (gâd) in females with males. methods: â cross sectional study was conducted on the high school girls and boys who have been affected by gâd. the sample consisted of 100 high school studen...

ôbjective: ïn ïran few studies have investigated the association among the dimensions of perfectionism with the academic achievement and other psychopathologies, such as depression and anxiety. this study has investigated these relationships in an ïranian school-age sample. methods: üsing multistage cluster random sampling, 793 students completed the questionnaire anonymously in the classroom i...

ôbjective: self-efficacy beliefs determine how people feel, think, motivate themselves and behave. regarding to similar findings it is supposed that concept of self efficacy has a general role on mental health. the present study focused on examining the relationships between self-efficacy and symptoms of depression, anxiety, worry and social avoidance in a large sample of normal students (n=549...

ôbjective: this study has been conducted to investigate the efficacy of short-term dynamic psychotherapy on love trauma syndrome (lts) in female students. lts includes a constellation of intensive signs and symptoms which appear following the breakdown of a romantic relationship after a long time. ït interrupts person's function in many areas (academic, social or professional) and leads to...

ôbjective: ânxiety is one of the most common psychiatric disorders and almost 30% of the primary school children are affected by various kinds of it. group play therapy has been reported to be a useful component of treatment of generalized ânxiety disorder (gâd). the goal of this research was to determine the efficacy of this treatment in children with gâd. methods: ïn this quasi-experimental s...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the causal relationship between meta-cognitive beliefs about thought suppression and intrusive thoughts. We conducted structural equation modeling using a cross-lagged effect model and a synchronous effect model. Results revealed that the Paradoxical Effect subscale score synchronously increased the frequency of intrusive thoughts. On the othe...

This paper will consider the ways in which children take part in two distinct branches of horse sport, equestrianism and horseracing, focusing on their historical separateness and their more recent rapprochement through the development of pony racing. Using material from a recent study of children and horseracing, it will demonstrate that most racecourses still see youngsters as passive consume...