introduction population growth and immigration are major causes of the most social changes in rural areas. accordingly, political change in a country is inevitable. so, this issue of iran’s rural settlements adopted and evolves. the rural habitations with population changes, the intensity of the positive effects of decentralization are receiving. your changes have been noted as being the basis ...

This chapter presents a case study on rural e-municipalities in Kyrgyzstan as an enabling tool for facilitating and supporting democratic local governance. The authors examine the case based on their action research and discuss key findings in terms of challenges of implementing and sustaining ICT-enabled local governance observed throughout the life cycle of the real life project. The case pre...

Localization and decentralization are frequently presented as good for women. However, the reality is not so clear-cut. Local government is the tier that is closest to people but relationships, structures and processes of local governance can both limit the space for women’s participation and the policy potential for addressing gender issues. The experience of democratic reform in South Africa ...

Prior research considers the IT governance decision to be a trade-off between the cost-efficiency of centralized information processing, and the responsiveness provided by local information processing. Environmental uncertainty plays a major role in this trade-off. In uncertain environments, the need for local information processing dominates the cost-efficiency available from centralization, l...

The purpose of this paper is twofold. The first task is to develop a conceptual framework for thinking about local democratic governance. Once that framework is developed, specific indicators will be proposed to monitor the quality of key features or characteristics of a process of local democratic governance. The indicators will be “actionable” and can be used to guide CDD operations and track...

In the United States, there are multiple models of policy-making, some more well-known than others (Lasswell, 1951; Peterson, 1991). In general, these models have a normative basis that equates pluralist systems of democratic governance with economic free market systems. Thus certain political configurations, such as decentralized government structures, are assumed to have economic benefits. Su...

mohammed, north, and ashton find that decentralization in fiji shifted health-sector workloads from tertiary hospitals to peripheral health centres, but with little transfer of administrative authority from the centre. decisionmaking in five functional areas analysed remains highly centralized. they surmise that the benefits of decentralization in terms of services and outcomes will be limited....