‎in this paper‎, ‎we introduce the notion of the radical of a $pmv$-algebra $a$ and we charactrize radical $a$ via elements of $a$‎. ‎also‎, ‎we introduce the notion of the radical of a $cdot$-ideal in $pmv$-algebras‎. ‎several characterizations of this radical is given‎. ‎we define the notion of a semimaximal $cdot$-ideal in a $pmv$-algebra‎. ‎finally we show that $a/i$ has no nilpotent elemen...

‎In this paper‎, ‎we introduce the notion of the radical of a $PMV$-algebra $A$ and we charactrize radical $A$ via elements of $A$‎. ‎Also‎, ‎we introduce the notion of the radical of a $cdot$-ideal in $PMV$-algebras‎. ‎Several characterizations of this radical is given‎. ‎We define the notion of a semimaximal $cdot$-ideal in a $PMV$-algebra‎. ‎Finally we show that $A/I$ has no nilpotent elemen...

In 2003, Di Nola, et.al. introduced the notion of MV -modules over a PMV algebra and A-ideals in MV -modules [5]. These are structures that naturally correspond to lu-modules over lu-rings [5]. Recall that an lu-ring is a pair (R,u), where (R, ⊕, ·, 0, ≤) is an l-ring and u is a strong unit of R (i.e, u is a strong unit of the underlying l-group) such that u · u ≤ u and l-ring is a structure (R...

This paper aims to give a clear and comprehensive view of the relations between the various classes of MV-algebras with product operations. The algebraic hyerarchy, from groups to algebras, can be transported by Γ-functors in order to provide the algebraic semantics for conservative extensions of Łukasiewicz logic. The MV-algebraic tensor product allows us to complete the picture with categoric...

Any MV-algebra M can be embedded as a lattice in the Boolean algebra B(M) that is R-generated by M . We relate the study of states on an MV-algebra M to the study of finitely additive probabilities on B(M). In particular, we show that each state on M can be uniquely extended to a finitely additive probability on B(M). In case that M is a PMV-algebra, the conditional state s(a|b) defined for a, ...

BACKGROUND Left atrial (LA) volume is an independent prognosticator in various cardiac diseases. The authors assessed the changes of LA volume after successful percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) and the impact of LA enlargement on long-term clinical outcome after PMV. METHODS AND RESULTS From a prospective PMV registry started in 1988, 303 patients (242 women, age: 39.3+/-10.8 years) who...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the immediate and long-term outcome of repeat percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMV) for post-PMV mitral restenosis. BACKGROUND Symptomatic mitral restenosis develop in 7% to 21% of patients after PMV. Currently, most of these patients are referred for mitral valve replacement. However, it is unknown if these patients may benefit fro...

Leptin acts via its receptor (LepRb) on specific CNS neurons to signal the adequacy of long-term energy stores, thereby permitting the expenditure of resources on energy-intensive processes such as reproduction. The ventral premammillary nucleus of the hypothalamus (PMv), which has been implicated in the stimulation of gonadotropin release by olfactory cues, contains numerous LepRb neurons, sug...

Coincident pairing of presynaptic and postsynaptic activity selectively strengthens synaptic connections, a key mechanism underlying cortical plasticity. Using paired associative transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), we demonstrate selective potentiation of physiological connectivity between two human brain regions, ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and primary motor cortex (M1) after repeated p...

New switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) cultivars are being developed for use as a biofuel pyrolysis feedstock. Viral pathogens have been reported in switchgrass, but their importance in biofuel cultivars is not well known. In 2012 surveys of five switchgrass breeding nurseries in Nebraska, plants with mottling and stunting— symptoms associated with virus infection—had an incidence of symptomatic...