We prove that if u1, u2 : (0,∞)× Rd → (0,∞) are sufficiently well-behaved solutions to certain heat inequalities on Rd then the function u : (0,∞) × Rd → (0,∞) given by u1/p = u 1/p1 1 ∗ u 1/p2 2 also satisfies a heat inequality of a similar type provided 1 p1 + 1 p2 = 1 + 1 p . On iterating, this result leads to an analogous statement concerning n-fold convolutions. As a corollary, we give a d...

introduction: burden of hiv and aids is considerably different among regions and countries of the world. the aim of this study was to assess of inequality in the prevalence of hiv, according to human development index among countries of the world.methods: in this study the desired outcome was prevalence of hiv, which estimated in 100 countries in 2012. the annual report of unaids was used for p...

We describe spatial patterns in environmental injustice and inequality for residential outdoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations in the contiguous United States. Our approach employs Census demographic data and a recently published high-resolution dataset of outdoor NO2 concentrations. Nationally, population-weighted mean NO2 concentrations are 4.6 ppb (38%, p<0.01) higher for nonwhites tha...

OBJECTIVE To examine the association of state income inequality and individual household income with the mental and physical health of women with young children. DESIGN Cross sectional study. Individual level data (outcomes, income, and other sociodemographic covariates) from a 1991 follow up survey of a birth cohort established in 1988. State level income inequality calculated from the incom...

The relationship between economic inequality and HIV infection among young Malawian women is estimated with multi-level logit models of the individual probability of being infected. Two community levels are considered: the immediate neighbourhood, and Malawi‟s districts. We find a strong positive association between communal inequality and the risk of HIV infection. The relationship between eco...

Welfare states redistribute both between individuals (inter-individual redistribution) reducing annual, cross-sectional inequality and over the lifecycle of an individual (intra-individual redistribution) insuring individuals against income risks in the long-term. But studies measuring redistribution often focus on a one-year period and the second aspect is neglected. To quantify both interand ...

Two studies examined children’s and adolescents’ developing perceptions of gender inequality. The first study examined perceptions of inequality among 272 early, middle, and late adolescents, focusing on the spheres of politics, business, and the home. Results indicated an age-related increase in perceptions of male dominance. Men were seen to have more power and status in politics than in busi...

in this paper, two pairs of new inequalities are given, which decompose two hilbert-type inequalities.

(1) The trend in many countries, since the mid 1970s, to increased inequality and polarization of the earned income of men [Jenkins 1995; Gottschalk and Smeeding, 1997]. Although the same has often not been true for women, one might expect such trends to produce greater inequality and poverty in family incomes after taxes and transfer—but is this true and how general is this tendency? (2) The f...

BACKGROUND Within Europe, women in the southern regions have the lowest inequalities in mortality. This study evaluates inequalities in mortality from different causes by educational level and their contribution to total mortality inequalities in adult women in one of these regions. METHODS The 2001 population census in the Region of Madrid was linked with deaths in the following 20 months ac...