Xenia is the immediate effect of pollen on seed development after pollination. This study was conducted to investigate xenia’s effects Fe and Zn concentration in self- open-pollinated maize seeds. Eighteen hybrids derived from parents with varying concentrations were planted at Potchefstroom, Cedara Vaalharts South Africa for two seasons, 2017 2018. Open- self-pollinated seeds compared. Self-po...

Three types of seed samples (selfed, sibbed and open pollinated) can be used for mineral analysis in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] and other cross-pollinated crops. Cost effectiveness and reliability of mineral estimates in these types of seed samples have a direct bearing on breeding efficiency. Three sets of experiments using a diverse range of materials were conducted to exam...

In light of the deteriorating state of coral reefs worldwide, the need to rehabilitate marine environments has greatly increased. Artificial reefs (ARs) have been suggested as a tool for reef conservation and rehabilitation. Although successions of AR communities have been thoroughly studied, current understanding of the interactions between artificial and natural reefs (NRs) is poor and a fund...