Thick film 5 m thick semiconducting polymer diodes incorporating poly triarylamine PTAA have been produced and applied as direct x-ray detectors. Experiments determined that a rectifying diode behavior persists when increasing the thickness of the active layer above typical thin film thicknesses 1 m , and the electrical conduction mechanism of the diodes has been identified. Direct current and ...

Nafion contamination by ferrous-alloy corrosion products, resulting in dramatic drops of the Ohmic potential, is a suspected major failure mode of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells that make use of metallic bipolar plates. This study demonstrates the potential of scanning transmission X-ray microscopy combined with X-ray absorption and fluorescence microspectroscopy for exploring corrosio...

OBJECTIVE Sub-standard quality in X-ray image acquisition and interpretation is common in low-resource countries, and can ultimately result in higher patient morbidity and mortality. This study aimed at evaluating; 1) feasibility of implementing a digital X-ray device in a second level hospital in Angola; 2) quality of digital X-ray images, when digital radiology was in the hands of local techn...

The thin-film x-ray standing wave ~XSW! technique is used for an atomic-scale study of polarization switching in ferroelectric Pb~Zr0.3Ti0.7!O3 ~PZT!/electrode heterostructures grown on SrTiO3(001). The XSW is selectively generated in the PZT by the interference between the incident x-ray wave and the weak ~001! Bragg diffracted wave from the film. The XSW excites a fluorescence signal from the...

The charge state and local ordering of Mn doped into a pulsed laser deposited single-phase thin film of ZnO are investigated by using x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the O K-edge, Mn K-edge and L-edge, and x-ray emission spectroscopy at the O K-edge and Mn L-edge. This film is ferromagnetic at room temperature. EXAFS measurement shows that Mn(2+) replaces the Zn site in tetrahedral symmetry, a...

We present experimental evidence for a three-dimensional noncollinear antiferromagnetic spin structure in ultrathin single-crystalline fcc Fe50Mn50 layers using magnetic circular dichroism photoelectron emission microscopy and x-ray magnetic linear dichroism. Layer-resolved as-grown domain images of epitaxial trilayers grown on Cu(001) in which FeMn is sandwiched between ferromagnetic layers wi...

Various amounts of strain and lattice deformation were introduced into <111> Si substrates by the deposition of amorphous Si films of different thicknesses. Strain and deformation are concentrated along the film edges and were recorded as contrast in double-crystal X-ray topograph (DXRT) images. The contrast in the DXRT images was measured and was related to lattice deformation by means of the ...

conclusion despite multiple exposures, ed control is more effective if wss is performed using apmdr in the aec mode. results using apmdr, the mean number of exposures was 6.1 for ap and 6.5 for lat projections. lat projections required more exposures (6.55%) than ap projections. the mean ed was 0.6276 msv (ap) and 0.6716 msv (lat). the mean ed for lat projections was 0.6061 msv in automatic exp...

Testing of the coincidence of a linear accelerators X-ray field and the light field as a quality control test is often done in a subjective method, involving the manual marking of pieces of film and the visual inspection of the film after irradiation. The purpose of this study was to develop an objective method for performing this test, while also increasing the accuracy, precision and the spee...

We developed a new method for characterizing molecular distribution in very thin liquid crystal layer (5–40 nm) evaporated onto rubbed polyimide film used by grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD). The diffraction peaks corresponding to intermolecular correlation perpendicular to longitudinal axis of liquid crystal molecule and the clear anisotropic distribution of liquid crystal molecules ...