AlL positive diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis can be made only on obtaining a positive sputum or gastric culture for M tuberculosis. The chest x-ray film and tuberculin skin test1 have been used as screening methods. During the third year after the introduction of the acetylcysteine method of digestion at our facility,* 40 cases of active tuberculosis with chest x-ray films read as ne...

Solid-state detector has recently been used for x-ray Computed Tomography (CT) because it has high light conversion efficiency, quantum efficiency and compact size, compared with Xenon gas detector. In order to reduce radiation dose to the patient in medical x-ray CT, it should be needed to maximize the quantum efficiency and signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) of the detector. In this study, 16-channel...

An ultrafast x-ray detector system is under development at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) for application primarily to study of ultrafast magnetization dynamics. The system consists of a fs laser, an x-ray streak camera and an elliptically polarization undulator (EPU) beamline. Polarized x-rays from an EPU can be used to measure x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) of a sample...

actual focal spot automatic exposure control comparator coulomb/kilogram detector effective focal spot focal spot blooming grid latitude grid uniformity half-value layer high-frequency homogenous phantom ion chamber kilowatt rating Law of Reciprocity linear tomography line focus principle linearity mobile x-ray generator objective plane photodetector pluridirectional tomography portable x-ray g...

Recent progress in X-ray optics, detector technology, and the tremendous increase of processing speed of commodity computational architectures gives rise to a paradigm shift in synchrotron X-ray imaging. The UFO project aims to enable a novel class of experiments combining intelligent detector systems, vast computational power, and sophisticated algorithms. The on-line assessment of sample dyna...

A new FReLoN (Fast-Readout Low-Noise) high-frame-rate detector adopted for the fast continuous collection of X-ray absorption spectra is presented. The detector is installed on the energy-dispersive X-ray absorption beamline ID24 at the ESRF and is capable of full time-resolved EXAFS spectra collection with over 4 kHz repetition rate and 0.2 ms exposure time. An example of the in situ kinetic s...

In x-ray imaging detectors, the signal generated in a detector element is proportional to the number of secondary carriers (such as optical photons or electronhole pairs) generated in the x-ray convertor. Furthermore, the location and statistics of secondary carriers are directly related to the absorbed x-ray energy. Even under monochromatic exposure conditions, there will be a distribution of ...

Abstract Revolution in X-Ray OpticsThe past half-decade has witnessed a technological revolution in our abilityto generate, control , manipulate, focus, and detect x rays. The emergence ofx-ray lasers and synchrotron insertion devices has increased the brightness oflaboratory x-ray sources eight to twelve orders of magnitude. Also, significantadvances have occurred in th...

FUJIFILM’s newly-developed ‘AMULET’, a digital mammography system, simultaneously realizes high-image quality, low-dose image acquisition and high-throughput as well as patient-oriented design. A detector mounted on AMULET directly converts X-ray signals into electronic signals to readout the electronic signals by using a uniquely developed “Direct Optical Switching” readout method in its imagi...

We have measured the intrinsic performance of a digital X-ray detector, the Medipix1, by examining the total detective quantum efficiency (DQE). We studied how the DQE depends on both the incident photon energy and spatial frequency. Reported here is the calculation of the detective quantum efficiency for the case of a 300 m thick silicon diode detector attached to the Medipix1 readout chip. Th...