case reports are considered as the lowest level of evidence while at the same time they are frontiers of evidence collection. case reports are professional stories about novel medical events and will worth publication only if they possess complexity, proper data collection, justified diagnosis, and legitimate intervention as well as appropriate language, punctuation, and syntax. a case report m...

All scientists depend on both reading and writing to do their scientific work. It is of paramount importance to ensure that students have a relevant repertoire of practices they can employ when facing scientific content inside and outside the school context. The present study reports on students in seventh grade acting as researchers. Over an 8-week collaborative research period, students posed...

Recent studies have linked patient misunderstanding of label instructions for as needed (PRN) medications to dosing errors. This study conducted a preliminary field test of patient-centered PRN label instructions. Patients participated in a hypothetical dosing experiment and were randomized to a patient-centered label (referred to as "Take-Wait-Stop") or standard label. Participants were asked ...

Incorporating peer-review steps in the laboratory report writing process provides benefits to students, but it also can create additional work for laboratory instructors. The laboratory report writing process described here allows the instructor to grade only one lab report for every two to four students, while giving the students the benefits of peer review and prompt feedback on their laborat...

Arnau de Vilanova, one of the most important physicians of the Latin Middle Ages, was familiar with the vast majority of Aristotle's works that had been translated into Latin. He used a wide range of them, such as the Organon--the introductory books on logic - and the natural philosophical books, which cover a different branches of knowledge. He used Aristotle as an authority, trying to reconci...

Adriane Fugh-Berman examines documents unsealed in recent litigation to investigate how pharmaceutical companies promoted hormone therapy drugs, including the use of medical writing companies to produce ghostwritten manuscripts and place them into medical journals.

Writing is one of the four language skills that students and last skill in learning. Even academic field, especially at university level, urgency these very large learning activities, which we know student work requires writing skills, for a thesis dissertation. At tertiary divided into three stages: directed writing, free writing. This research uses descriptive method. The data collection tech...

Methods: First, we constructed a questionnaire based on the descriptors collected from various sources in order to elicit university teachers’ views on the importance of these descriptors. A revised version was produced based on the feedback from the initial questionnaire survey. In order to further investigate what level or levels these remaining descriptors would fall into, 35 university teac...

This paper describes Purify, a software testing and quality assurance tool that detects memory leaks and access errors. Purify inserts additional checking instructions directly into the object code produced by existing compilers. These instructions check every memory read and write performed by the program-undertest and detect several types of access errors, such as reading uninitialized memory...