jCIGMUND FREUD promulgated his epochmaking hypothesis of the unconscious mind just in time for the war to enable the truth of his theories to be tested on a large scale. And it was one of the few happy results of the war that it tempted from their academic seclusion men, such as Dr. Rivers, who, although members of the medical profession, had devoted themselves mainly to scientific investigatio...

Preparations for this contribution to the 1979 History of Surgery Lecture at the Yale University School of Medicine were begun in the autumn of 1978, the year which marked the four hundredth anniversary of William Harvey's birth. It was the present writer's original intention to honor the memory of that great medical scientist with a brief biographical note and critique. However, as the researc...

O X F O R D Malnutrition is largely a silent and invisible emergency, exacting a terrible toll on children and their families. The result of multiple causes, including a lack of food, common and preventable infections, inadequate care and unsafe water, it plays a role in more than half of the nearly 12 million deaths each year of children under five in developing countries, a proportion unmatch...

ibn khaldunis known as a muslim arab historian, sociologist, anthropologist and politian of 8 hijra century (14th a.d. century). he is the founder of the historical science and the pioneer of the civil science and the father of the economics science. in his introduction book3f4, he has predicted the beginning of different sciences for the future generation that today each of them has become a s...

An inscription is a cultural heritage artifact that records archaeological intellects and accounts of a nation such as history, language, medicine, etc. Although inscriptions are the most reliable primary historical evidence, accessibility to, and understanding of them are restricted due to their dispersion, their deteriorating conditions, and the complications of the ancient language itself. N...