Recent research on the semantics of quantificational expressions has taken on the task of relating the truth-conditional import of quantifiers with their impact on verification procedures. In particular, the semantic analysis and verification procedures associated with the proportional quantifier most have been studied in a variety of ways in an effort to reveal the correct semantic analysis of...

Recently, we did some comparative evaluation of the commercial English-to-Japanese MT systems by using the TOEFL, Test of English as a Foreign Language. The passages in the Reading Comprehension part of the Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension section were extracted from a TOEFL guide book [1], and were translated into Japanese by using the MT systems. Then the translated tests were taken by th...

1 Reading tutors can provide an unprecedented opportunity to collect and analyze large amounts of data for understanding how students learn. We trained models of oral reading prosody (pitch, intensity, and duration) on a corpus of narrations of 4558 sentences by 11 fluent adults. We used these models to evaluate the oral reading prosody of 85,209 sentences read by 55 children (mostly) 7-10 year...

Because my expertise is in early American history, I will concentrate on Larry Kramer’s portrait of pre-Revolutionary popular constitutionalism, which acts as a baseline against which to measure nineteenth-century developments. Before examining pre-Revolutionary constitutionalism, however, I want to note two features of Kramer’s style of historical argument that make the book a particularly sop...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the sunk cost effect and ambiguity in investment situations. Starting from the sensemaking approach and the decision dilemma theory, our hypothesis is that a sunk cost affected decision can be “constructively" rational in ambiguous environments in the sense that decision makers have the opportunity, through actions, to enact an e...

IT is difficult to imagine a case more deserving of detailed historical analysis than that of John Roberton (1776-1840), a surgeon who practised as a specialist in the treatment of venereal disease in two European capitals' yet is linked to a subject, medical police, which, on close examination, occupied a fraction of his known professional life. Despite his widely published popular works on ve...

Having been out of academia for a number of years, I jumped at the chance to review these volumes, seeing this as an opportunity to get back up to speed with what was happening with the functional programming community. To give you some background, the point where I left to join industry was just after the world started using monads to structure their functional creations and I wondered what ha...

Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of mind (1978) highlights the interdependence of the individual, social community and interactions in the construction of knowledge. The theory has been widely adopted in the area of applied linguistics research, and it has been employed to explain second language learning processes (Storch, 2013). The stated aim of this 192-page book is to introduce the key conc...

CHAPTER 1 8 In our society, where print is omnipresent and extremely important as a means of communication, possessing sufficient reading skills is crucial for participation. It has been shown that children who engage in more leisure time reading are generally better readers (e. An important reason that determines whether children do or do not engage in leisure time reading is reading enjoyment...

Silent reading fluency has received limited attention in the school-based literatures across the past decade. We fill this gap by examining both oral and silent reading fluency and their relation to overall abilities in reading comprehension in fourth-grade students. Lower-level reading skills (word reading, rapid automatic naming) and vocabulary were included in structural equation models in o...