Abstract— There are several works dedicated to the investigation of Volterra integro-differential equations. In addition, there are theoretical and practical representations of stable methods that have a high order of accuracy and extended stability regions; these representations were constructed using the minimum values of arithmetic operations. Here, hybrid methods are proposed for the constr...

Selecting approaches with appropriate accuracy and suitable speed for the purpose of making decision is one of the managers’ challenges. Also investing decision is one of the main decisions of managers and it can be referred to securities transaction in financial markets which is one of the investments approaches. When some assets and barriers of real world have been considered, optimization of...

2 Is cooperative action modern or old fashioned? Why should policymakers pursue it in development strategies? In what way are cooperatives different in terms of economic theory and organisation theory? And if there are differences in organisation, human resource management practices, property rights and forms of collective action, what are the governance issues to be addressed so as to allow co...

Entrepreneurship and the Process of Firms’ Entry, Survival and Growth This survey paper aims at critically discussing the recent literature on firm formation and survival and the growth of new-born firms. The basic purpose is to single out the microeconomic entrepreneurial foundations of industrial dynamics (entry and exit) and to characterise the founder’s ex-ante features in terms of likely e...

Introduction: An accurate impression is essential to create a well-fitted dental prosthesis. This study aimed to compare the dimensional accuracy of three elastomeric materials using one-step and two-step impression techniques. Methods: In this study, 20 impressions were fabricated for each Vinyl siloxane ether (Identium), condensation silicone (Speedex), and a...

We prove that the ENO reconstruction and ENO interpolation procedures are stable in the sense that the jump of the reconstructed ENO point values at each cell interface has the same sign as the jump of the underlying cell averages across that interface. Moreover, we prove that the size of these jumps after reconstruction relative to the jump of the underlying cell averages is bounded. Similar s...

and Applied Analysis 3 exist and are bounded for a self-adjoint positive operator A. Here B 1 2 ( τA √ A 4 τ2A ) , K ( I 2τA 5 4 τA 2 )−1 . 2.2 Theorem 2.1. For any gk, 1 ≤ k ≤ N − 1, and fk,−N 1 ≤ k ≤ 0, the solution of problem 1.2 exists and the following formula holds: uk ( I − R2N )−1{[ R − R2N−k ] u0 [ RN−k − R k ][ Pu0 − τ 0 ∑ s −N 1 P N−1Gfs μ ] − [ RN−k − R k ] I τB 2I τB −1B−1 N−1 ∑ s ...

The initial-value problem for hyperbolic equation d2u(t)/dt2 +A(t)u(t) = f (t) (0 ≤ t ≤ T), u(0) = φ,u(0) = ψ in a Hilbert space H with the self-adjoint positive definite operators A(t) is considered. The second order of accuracy difference scheme for the approximately solving this initial-value problem is presented. The stability estimates for the solution of this difference scheme are establi...