BACKGROUND Despite recent progress with novel chemotherapy regimens, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Innovative approaches to treatment of this disease are needed to accelerate progress. METHODS A review was conducted of the results of 2 pancreatic cancer vaccine programs with results that have shown promise in early-phas...

A subanalysis of a recent cohort efficacy trial of a pertussis vaccine was performed to determine its efficacy against cough illnesses due to Bordetella parapertussis infections. Infants received four doses of either the Lederle/Takeda acellular pertussis component diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine or the Lederle whole-cell component diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and ...

Background: Infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients who suffer from impaired immune responses and chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis. At present, aggressive antibiotic therapy is the only choice for management of P. aeruginosa infections, but emergence of highly resistant strains necessitated the development of novel alt...

The temperatures of 587 children were taken before and after diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis (DTP) or diphtheria/tetanus (DT) vaccine. Only slight temperature increases were found but these were notably more frequent after plain than adsorbed DTP vaccine preparations and the frequency increased with each successive dose.

the sporozoites of theileria annulata invade bovine mhc ii cells, where they differentiate into schizonts. the later can immortalize and induce fundamental changes in their host cells. live attenuated vaccine is an important way of controlling t. annulata infection of cattle. production is by prolonged cultivation of macroschizont-infected cells. the mechanisms underlying this transformation ar...

objective(s) staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of many nosocomial and community acquired infections. according to many reports, antibiotic therapy can not guarantee the eradication of s. aureus infections. thus designing an adhesin based vaccine could restrain the s. aureus infections. this study designed for construction of a new fusion protein vaccine against s. aureus infections based...

conclusions the results revealed that the novel multi-epitope dna construct could be an effective candidate in tuberculosis vaccine development, and it is qualified to investigate its potential to induce cd4 and cd8 t- cell immune response in the experimental animal model. results mhc class i-and class ii-predicted epitopes showed a high potential to binding to human hlas alleles, with global b...

Vibrio cholerae O1 is a noninvasive enteric pathogen and serves as a model for studies of mucosal immunity. Although symptomatic V. cholerae infection induces durable protection against subsequent disease, vaccination with oral killed whole-cell V. cholerae stimulates less long-lasting protection against cholera. In this study, we demonstrated that cholera induces an early proinflammatory cellu...

BACKGROUND Acellular pertussis (aP)-containing vaccines cause fewer adverse events than whole-cell versions for primary doses. Booster doses, however, may be followed by extensive injection-site reactions. This study compares the frequency, severity, and impact of local reactions among children receiving 5 consecutive doses of an aP combination vaccine (including inactivated polio virus, conjug...