Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and cause of dementia and is characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. AD has traditionally been considered to primarily affect gray matter, but multiple lines of evidence also indicate white matter (WM) pathology and associated small-vessel cerebrovascular disease. WM glucose delivery and metabolism m...

White and grey matter lesions are the most prevalent type of injury observable in the Magnetic Resonance Images (MRIs) of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Previous studies investigating the impact of lesions in children with CP have been qualitative, limited by the lack of automated segmentation approaches in this setting. As a result, the quantitative relationship between lesion burden has y...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between word reading and white matter (WM) integrity in the reading system and test a theory-based moderated mediation model such that relationship of WM integrity with word reading is mediated by processing speed and indirect effect is moderated by group. Thirty-seven adult survivors of childhood brain tumor and typically developing...

In vivo longitudinal relaxation times of N-acetyl compounds (NA), choline-containing substances (Cho), creatine (Cr), myo-inositol (mI), and tissue water were measured at 1.5 and 3 T using a point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence with short echo time (TE). T(1) values were determined in six different brain regions: the occipital gray matter (GM), occipital white matter (WM), motor cortex,...

Introduction: While existing MR techniques can reliably detect stimuli-induced activation in gray matter (GM), very little is known about the impact of the stimuli on connective white matter (WM) regions. A recent study has looked into this aspect using functional DTI (fDTI) and reported subtle increases in fractional anisotropy (FA) in specific WM pathways in response to motor or visual stimul...

Semantic processing is central to cognition and is supported by widely distributed gray matter (GM) regions and white matter (WM) tracts. The exact manner in which GM regions are anatomically connected to process semantics remains unknown. We mapped the semantic anatomical network (connectome) by conducting diffusion imaging tractography in 48 healthy participants across 90 GM "nodes," and corr...

Magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) can detect microstructural brain tissue changes and may be helpful in determining age-related cerebral damage. We investigated the association between the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) in gray and white matter (WM) and cognitive functioning in 355 participants of the Austrian stroke prevention family study (ASPS-Fam) aged 38-86 years. MTR maps were gene...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The impact of stroke on white matter is poorly described in preclinical investigations mainly based on rodents with a low white (WM)/gray matter ratio. Using diffusion tensor imaging, we evaluated WM alterations and correlated them with sensorimotor deficits after stroke in the marmoset, a nonhuman primate that displays a WM/gray matter ratio close to that of humans. ME...

Introduction: Magnetic susceptibility weighted phase images (SWI) provide improved anatomical contrast compared to the corresponding magnitude images [1,2]. At 3 Tesla, T2* of white matter (WM) is about 50 ms and T2* of grey matter (GM) is about 65 ms; therefore, a very long TE would have to be used for good GM/WM contrast in a magnitude image. However the GM/WM contrast is present in R2* maps,...

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10%-30% of all types of stroke. Bleeding within the brain parenchyma causes gray matter (GM) destruction as well as proximal or distal white matter (WM) injury (WMI) due to complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Because WM has a distinct cellular architecture, blood supply pattern and corresponding function, and its response to stroke may vary from th...