OBJECTIVES This study assesses the affordability of a nutritious diet for households in Toronto that are supported by welfare. METHODS For three hypothetical households, welfare incomes were compared to the monthly costs for food, shelter, and other essential expenditures in Toronto. RESULTS If households lived in market rental accommodation, average monthly incomes were insufficient to cov...

The history of the Social Security Amendments 1967 illuminates contours fiscal citizenship. This watershed law created both work requirements for Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) recipients and new policy instruments, including federal child support enforcement, compel poor men fulfill their financial obligations families. Welfare reformers claimed that such changes were necessary...

This study examines whether and how a wide range of potential barriers to work, including psychological characteristics and attitudes, are associated with current employment in a recent sample of welfare recipients in Michigan (N = 672). Psychological factors include measures of depressive symptoms, work attitudes, and perceived risks associated with leaving welfare. Over and above demographic,...

The labor supply and other work incentive effects of welfare programs have long been a central concern in economic research. Work has also been an increasing focus of policy reforms in the U.S., culminating with a number of major policy changes in the 1990s whose intent was to increase employment and earnings levels of welfare recipients and other disadvantaged individuals. This paper reviews t...

A central theme of welfare reform is that recipients are required to engage in work activities. In many states, these work requirements apply to mothers whose children are a few months old, which may increase the costs and decrease the prevalence of breast-feeding. Given the substantial benefits of breast-feeding, any reduction represents an important negative consequence of these requirements....

Abstract Study Objectives To estimate the effect of housing insecurity on sleep duration and quality. Methods Using longitudinal data from a sample 1,046 welfare recipients in state California followed 2015–2016 through 2017–2018, we regressed self-reported measures quality recorded 2017–2018 experiences prior year. We applied propensity score weights to attenuate potential bias an array observ...