Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese economy has achieved sustained high-speed growth. However, the widening gaps in income, especially for rural China, seem to be a dark lining to these extraordinary achievements. Taking the duration of poverty into the consideration, this article analyzes the income inequality of rural per capita net income (RPCNI) based on income mobility in rural Ch...

Analyses of the welfare system generally examine one of five competing models: (1) The work disincentive model; (2) the human capital model; (3) the macroeconomic model; (4) the public choice model; or (5) the cost-of-job-loss model. This paper employs the Granger causality concept and the multiple-rank F statistic to test the implications of all five of these models simultaneously. The results...

The purpose of this study is to estimate structural elements of patients’ demand functions for healthcare facilities, particularly hospitals and ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs), towards the goal of answering questions about welfare gains earned from the introduction of ASCs. Spatial variation across patients and facilities, among other variables, is used for identification. Using data that co...

the total change in living quality happening in developed countries represents a suitable policy and programming conducted by the government. providing enough power and authority for those who are called as society organizers, there remains no doubt to expect a fruitful national economy and consequently a much better living conditions. according to the rate of changes and family economic evolut...

We study the dynamics of the distribution of wealth in an Overlapping Generation economy with bequest and various forms of redistributive taxation. We characterize the transitional dynamics of the wealth distribution and as well as the stationary distribution. We show that the stationary wealth distribution is a Pareto distribution. Wealth is less concentrated (the Gini coefficient is lower) fo...

This paper identifies optimal interest-rate rules within a rich, dynamic, general equilibrium model that has been shown to account well for observed aggregate dynamics in the postwar United States. We perform policy evaluations based on second-order accurate approximations to conditional and unconditional expected welfare. We require that interest-rate rules be operational, in the sense that th...

this paper studies the effects of the structural variables of the iranian industries sector on the welfare cost using to the structure-conduct-performance (scp) theory. in other words, we investigate the role of structural components and their effects on the size of the welfare cost in iran's industry sector. we have used the leibenstein's model to calculate the deadweight loss and then the pan...