Earlier efforts in areas of hip and knee arthroplasties suggest that wear debris, could initiate inflammatory responses leading to peri-prosthetic osteolysis and bone resorption at the implant-bone interface. Aseptic loosening of implants due to particle induced osteolysis is the primary cause of revision surgeries. Bench top wear tests as well as bioreactivity studies have emerged as a powerfu...

an artificial neural network has been used to determine the volume flux and rejections of ca2+ , na+ and cl¯, as a function of transmembrane pressure and concentrations of ca2+, polyethyleneimine, and polyacrylic acid in water softening by nanofiltration process in presence of polyelectrolytes. the feed-forward multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network including an eight-neuron hidden la...

The wear behavior of two coatings (Fe49.7Cr18Mn1.9Mo7.4W1.6B15.2C3.8Si2.4 and Fe40Cr23Mo14C15B6Y2) sprayed by high-velocity air fuel technology was investigated through nanoscratch tests under ramping loads. Compared with the substrate, the Fe-based amorphous coatings exhibit lower penetration depth, higher elastic recovery, and lower wear volume, indicating the excellent wear resistance of the...

global positioning system (gps) signals provide valuable information about ionosphere physical structure. using these signals, can be derived total electron content (tec) for each line of sight between the receiver and the satellite. for historic and other sparse data sets, the reconstruction of tec images is often performed using multivariate interpolation techniques. recently it has become cl...

The wear of artificial resin teeth used in prosthetic rehabilitation treatment is of great concern to the dentist, since wear changes the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) and may provoke cranio-mandibular disturbance, decrease masticatory efficiency, increase the discomfort for the patient and alter esthetics. Thus, one of the most important physical properties of artificial teeth is their abr...

Collective behavior refers to coordinated group motion, common to many animals. The dynamics of a group can be seen as a distributed model, each "animal" applying the same rule set. This study investigates the use of evolved sensory controllers to produce schooling behavior. A set of artificial creatures "live" in an artificial world with hazards and food. Each creature has a simple artificial ...

The static pull-in instability of beam-type micro-electromechanical systems is theoretically investigated. Two engineering cases including cantilever and double cantilever micro-beam are considered. Considering the mid-plane stretching as the source of the nonlinearity in the beam behavior, a nonlinear size-dependent Euler-Bernoulli beam model is used based on a modified couple stress theory, c...