This study evaluates the effects of cellulolytic fungi from rumen on nutrient intake and blood profile Nellore calves. A diet was formulated with 56.79% lignified hay Urochloa brizantha 43.21% concentrate. Sixteen calves were evaluated in completely randomized blocks using two calf groups: four males females. The first group supplemented a culture medium containing mixture Aspergillus terreus (...

Abstract Background The bovine upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiome includes opportunistic pathogens that cause disease and stress associated with maternal separation transportation contributes to the severity of this disease. Stress is known alter gut but little regarding effect on URT microbiota. This study used six-month old suckling beef calves investigate whether (weaned), by itself or...

Differences in adoption of selected practices used in welfare assessment and audit programs were contrasted among organic (ORG; n=192) herds and similarly sized conventional grazing herds (CON-GR; n=36), and conventional nongrazing herds (CON-NG; n=64). Criteria from 3 programs were assessed: American Humane Association Animal Welfare Standards for Dairy Cattle, Farmers Assuring Responsible Man...

There are concerns about antagonisms between immunity and animal productivity in livestock production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of antibody levels through a response to vaccination protocol, weaning timing, and their interaction on performance and carcass quality traits in Angus beef cattle. Final antibody level and response to vaccination were based on neutralizin...

We assessed effects of two-step debonding strategies in calf rearing systems with different types prolonged cow-calf contact (CCC) on stress responses, health and performance dairy cows calves. Forty-eight Holstein Friesian pairs had either: 1) full including suckling, where was reduced before weaning via fence-line separation at day 49 (FC-FS) (n = 10); 2) contact, 56 by fitting calves a nose-...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of transportation and commingling on measures of the acute-phase protein response in newly weaned beef calves. Thirty-two (Exp. 1; average BW = 266 +/- 20.8 kg) and thirty-six (Exp. 2; average BW = 222 +/- 34.6 kg) Brahman-crossbred calves were randomly allotted to one of four treatments (2 x 2 factorial arrangement [transportation x com...

Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonizes cattle intestines by using the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE)-encoded proteins. The induction of systemic immune response against LEE-encoded proteins, therefore, will prove effective in reducing E. coli O157:H7 colonization in cattle. The previous studies have demonstrated that a hha (encodes for a hemolysin expression modulating protein) deletion enhan...

In intensively milk-fed calves post-prandial glucose (G) and insulin (I) concentrations, but not preprandial G concentrations, increased or failed to decrease during the growth period, compared with data from calves that were progressively weaned. This study was, therefore, designed to investigate G and I metabolism in veal calves. Euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic and hyperglycemic clamps in the unf...

BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms by which stress induces the development of pathologies remains unclear, although it is recognised that one of the major factors affecting health as a consequence of stress is the involvement of the neuroendocrine system. In cattle, a number of necessary husbandry practices have been shown to activate the stress response, yet very little is known about the imp...