We study a two-species reaction-diffusion problem described by a system consisting of a semilinear parabolic equation and a first order ordinary differential equation, endowed with suitable conditions. We prove the existing of a unique traveling wave profile and give necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for the occurrence of penetration and conversion fronts.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Photobiomodulation (PBM) also known as low-level light therapy has been used successfully for the treatment of injury and disease of the nervous system. The use of PBM to treat injury and diseases of the brain requires an in-depth understanding of light propagation through tissues including scalp, skull, meninges, and brain. This study investigated the light penetration...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the rat skin penetration abilities of two commercially available low-level laser therapy (LLLT) devices during 150 sec of irradiation. BACKGROUND DATA Effective LLLT irradiation typically lasts from 20 sec up to a few minutes, but the LLLT time-profiles for skin penetration of light energy have not yet been investigated. MATERIALS AND M...

Light waves incident to a highly scattering medium are incapable of penetrating deep into the medium due to the multiple scattering process. This poses a fundamental limitation to optically imaging, sensing, and manipulating targets embedded in opaque scattering layers such as biological tissues. One strategy for mitigating the shallow wave penetration is to exploit eigenchannels with anomalous...

Temperature dependence of the London penetration depth λ measured in single crystals of CeCoIn(5) is interpreted as being caused by a strong pair-breaking scattering that makes the superconductivity in this compound gapless. For a gapless d-wave superconductor, we derive λ = λ(0)(1-T(2)/T(c)(2))(-1/2) caused by the combined effect of magnetic and non-magnetic scattering, in excellent agreement ...

Over the past three years or so the evidence has become overwhelming that the cuprate high Tc superconductors have a d-wave pairing state[1]. The measurements of Wollman et al.[2] and of Tsuei et al.[3] are especially convincing since they do not depend on the microscopic physics of the energy gap, but instead depend only on the order parameter phase. Other experiments, such as photoemission[4,...

Semi-analytical model for calculating acoustic response to a line-focused laser pulse in an optically absorptive isotropic cylinder is proposed and implemented. It is assumed that the laser input is absorbed over the volume and thus creates a radially distributed thermoelastic source. Closed-form solution is obtained in the Fourier domain. Two inverse Fourier transforms in frequency and circumf...

We demonstrate some interesting phenomena associated with a nonmonochromatic plane wave passing through a spherical invisibility cloak whose radial permittivity and permeability are of Drude and Lorentz types. We observe that the frequency center of a quasimonochromatic incident wave will suffer a blueshift in the forward scattering direction. Different frequency components have different depth...

Guided waves have been increasingly used in nondestructive evaluations. Guided waves have shown to be specially promising in the testing of pipelines and tubing systems due to the ability of propagating long distances. Recent advances on guided wave pipe inspection focus on the understanding and utilization of guided wave flexural modes. This paper discusses and compares the technologies curren...