Here, we show that the polyamine spermidine plays a key role as a morphogenetic determinant during spermatid development in the water fern Marsilea vestita. Spermidine levels rise first in sterile jacket cells and then increase dramatically in spermatogenous cells as the spermatids mature. RNA interference and drug treatments were employed to deplete spermidine in the gametophyte at different s...

Here, we show that the polyamine spermidine plays a key role as a morphogenetic determinant during spermatid development in the water fern Marsilea vestita. Spermidine levels rise first in sterile jacket cells and then increase dramatically in spermatogenous cells as the spermatids mature. RNA interference and drug treatments were employed to deplete spermidine in the gametophyte at different s...

Diatoms have evolved a variety of colonial life forms in which cells are connected by organic threads, mucilage pads or silicate structures. In this study, we provide the first description of a novel strategy of colony formation among marine planktonic diatoms. Bacteriastrum jadranum forms loose but regular chains with distinct heterovalvate terminal cells. The colonial cells and their siliceou...

We have developed and validated a gradient-layer calorimeter for direct measurement of energy expenditure of preterm infants. Infant calorimeters must be operated and tested differently from adult calorimeters, because the calorimeter must be warmed during operation to limit heat loss from the infant, the calorimeter wall temperature (which is selected on the basis of the infant's maturity) mus...

Recently, Lee and Hou (IEEE Signal Process Lett 13: 461-464, 2006) proposed one-dimensional and two-dimensional fast algorithms for block-wise inverse Jacket transforms (BIJTs). Their BIJTs are not real inverse Jacket transforms from mathematical point of view because their inverses do not satisfy the usual condition, i.e., the multiplication of a matrix with its inverse matrix is not equal to ...

BACKGROUND Prevention of multi-morbidities following non-communicable diseases requires a systematic registration of adverse modifiable risk factors, including low physical fitness. The aim of the study was to establish criterion validity and reliability of a smartphone app (InterWalk) delivered fitness test in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 27, mean...

Fodor (1970) came up with the following puzzle: in a context where Adrian has decided what kind of jacket to buy but has no idea that the kind of jacket he wants is just like Malte’s jacket, there is a reading of Adrian wants to buy a jacket like Malte’s which neither the de re nor the de dicto reading render correctly. Based on a review of approaches to Fodor’s puzzle in the literature I argue...

Offshore structures such as jacket platforms have to inevitably be designed against  sever  environmental actions. In seismically active areas these structures also become susceptible to earthquake excitations. Strong ground motions recorded  in recent earthquakes, including the 1995 Kobe, Japan, 1999 Chi-chi, Taiwan and 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey earthquakes, revealed that the dynamic motions in nea...

The Sirri jacket offshore platform was designed and installed in Persian gulf of Iran in 1975 and has been in service since that time. The importance of offshore structure's stability and the failure of this kind of structure during an earthquake in different active zones revealed that earthquake loading has to be considered. In this paper, Magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers have been propos...

Inflatable plstic splints have been in use for some time in the United States for the emergency splinting of fracures;t are also gaining popularity in casualty departmentsand clinics in the United Kingdom. Splints of this type cost essentially of a double-walled trAhsparent plastic jacket with a slide fastener and a screw valve in the outer _wa for tion (Pig,,1). The jacket is placed on the lim...