Chest wall surgery is a new specialty, which comes from the traditional thoracic but it has characteristics. Because chest must consider appearance of wall, can be regarded as plastic surgery. In addition, because every kind disease involves changes bony structures also orthopedics. The concepts and orthopedics have injected thinking into played positive role in its final healthy development. T...

Introduction: The horizontal bony canal in the lateral maxillary wall is the site of anastomosis between the arterial branches from the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAa) and the infraorbital artery. This anatomic structure is known as the ‘alveolar antral artery’.   Materials and Methods: We performed a literature review. The anatomic location of the alveolar antral artery in the latera...

the aim of this investigation was to evaluate the use of polypropylene mesh and glycerol preserved bovine pericardium (gbp) to repaire abdominal wall defects in 24 clinically healthy mongrel dogs using inlay and underlay techniques. twenty four healthy mongrel dogs were used in this study. the animals were divided into two main groups according to the type of the prosthetic material used. each ...

abdominal wall hernias are common problems found in patients with cirrhosis because of persistently high intra-abdominal pressure. when abdominal hernias are neglected in such patients, they may become larger and could result in cosmetic problems and pressure effects that are also difficult to treat. we found a voluminous mass in the anterior abdominal wall of a 40-year-old patient with cirrhos...

this paper classifies green envelopes as green roofs and green walls according to effective factors, which were derived from literature to compare the green envelopes’ thermal and energy performance in a more effective way. for this purpose, an extensive literature review was carried out by searching keywords in databases and studying related journal papers and articles. the research method for...