Research is ongoing to develop screening and testing programmes for endocrine disrupting effects of new chemicals and in the focus of this development are the fish test species common carp (Cyprinus carpio). In this study we have developed quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for VTS in common carp. The working range of the ELISA was 11.25 to 2000 ng mL(-1) (75-25% specific b...

Concern regarding the occurrence of chemicals that disrupt endocrine system functions in aquatic species has heightened over the last 15 years. However, little attention has been given to monitoring for estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EEDCs) in California's freshwater ecosystems. The objective was to screen surface water samples for estrogenic activity using vitellogenin (Vtg) mRNA q...

The Eastern Box Turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina) is a widespread species that has recently experienced precipitous declines throughout its range. Although many studies have documented aspects of reproduction in box turtles, reproductive physiology of free-ranging animals is unknown and can be crucial in this species' recovery. Over a two-year period, we measured reproductive parameters, (vi...

The present study investigated the effects of the known xenoestrogen bisphenol A (BPA) relative to eight BPA-related diphenylalkanes on estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated vitellogenin (vtg) production in hepatocytes from male carp (Cyprinus carpio), and on aromatase (CYP19) activity in the human adrenocortical H295R carcinoma cell line. Of the eight diphenylalkanes, only 4,4'-(hexafluoropropyliden...

Mature medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to ethinylestradiol (EE2) at measured concentrations of 32.6, 63.9, 116, 261, and 488 ng/L for 21 d under flow-through conditions. Effects on reproductive success of the fish as well as on gonadal condition and vitellogenin (VTG) induction were assessed. A significant decrease in fecundity was observed only at the highest EE2 concentration, whereas h...

The efficacy of estrogenic chemicals and plant materials were assessed to stimulate the vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis in an in vitro system based on primary cultures of hepatocytes from female and E2-primed male Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. Isolated hepatoyctes treated with nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol-A (BP), octylphenol (OP), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and the combination (ALL)...

Combined Energy and Emission Management (CEEM) problems are a class of optimal control that aim to minimize operational costs (hybrid electric) powertrains with after-treatment system subject constraints on emissions imposed by legislation. In this paper, parallel-hybrid heavy-duty vehicle Variable Turbine Geometry (VTG) an Exhaust-Gas Recirculation (EGR) is considered. The CEEM problem solved ...

Tsunamis generated by underwater volcanic eruptions are physically modeled in a large three-dimensional wave basin. A unique pneumatic tsunami generator (VTG) was deployed at the bottom of basin to generate tsunamis with repeatable source parameters under controlled physical conditions. The Froude number defined VTG eruption velocity and water depth allows model real-world events from slow mud-...

The objectives of this research were, first, to determine the concentrations certain heavy metals in edible tissue wild brown trout (Salmo trutta trutta) from two different rivers located Abruzzi region (Italy), and then, investigate levels variation vitellogenin (VTG) associated with presence metalloestrogens. VTG is an effective indicator for endocrine disturbance, increase male fish widely e...