Covert spatial attention produces biases in perceptual performance and neural processing of behaviorally relevant stimuli in the absence of overt orienting movements. The neural mechanism that gives rise to these effects is poorly understood. This paper surveys past evidence of a relationship between oculomotor control and visual spatial attention and more recent evidence of a causal link betwe...

PURPOSE To review U.S. national population-based surveys to evaluate comparability and conceptual clarity of vision measures. DESIGN Perspective. METHODS The vision questions in 12 surveys were mapped to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework under the domains of condition, impairment, activity limitation, participation, ...

—Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) historically ranged throughout the eastern and southeastern Caribbean Sea during the winter months. Commercial whaling from the 1820s to the early 1900s depleted the population. A combined passive acoustic and visual survey for humpback whales was conducted to assess the current winter distribution of this species in areas where it was exploited to depl...

Eco-driving describes a strategy for operating a vehicle in a fuel-efficient manner. Current research shows that visual ecodriving interfaces can reduce fuel consumption by shaping motorists’ driving behavior but may hinder safe driving performance. The present study aimed to generate insights and direction for design iterations of auditory eco-driving displays and a potential matching head-up ...

This study investigates the role of wealth in infant mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, hereafter (SSA). Using recent data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), we document the differences that exit within urban and between urban and rural residents in Sub-Saharan Africa based on wealth. Our findings lead us to conclude that there is a statistical significant difference both within urban res...

urban landscapes form the main parts of the city. one of these spaces is urban streets, in whichsocial interactions and urban vitality reach its maximum quality and quantity. one of the principles and properties ofurban landscape design is its intelligibility. a viewer who takes a look at an intelligible city and knows it can attract newemotional manifestations of city without damaging its orig...

Medical research is one area where collecting data is usually hard and expensive. With the launch of ResearchKit, Apple and Sage Bionetworks made large-scale personal data collection increasingly popular via simple text-based survey apps running on mobile phones. But such surveys can be a barrier in terms of usability and richness of the data being collected. In this paper, we present SDL-RX , ...