Two separate studies were carried out to determine if three visual analogue scales for various feelings including pain could be marked consistently by patients, without reference to previously completed scales. Sixty patients undergoing extraction of their lower third molars had measurements of acute preoperative anxiety, expected postoperative pain and postoperative perceived pain three times ...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation integration pattern (PIP) and Swiss ball training on balance and pain in elderly patients with chronic low back pain. [Subjects] Participants were randomly assigned to a PIP training (n=24) and a Swiss ball training group (n=24). [Methods] The training was performed for 30 minutes per d...

Good correlation has been shown between pain scores derived from 4 different rating scales. The correlation was maintained when presentation of the scales was separated by a series of questions and by physical examination. There is good evidence that the 4 scales are measuring the same underlying pain variable as they calibrate well. There is also evidence that an 11-point (0-10) numerical rati...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the immediate effect of ischaemic compression, trigger point pressure release and placebo ultrasound on pain, degree of cervical lateral flexion and pressure pain threshold of upper trapezius trigger points in subjects with non-specific neck pain. Design: Randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting: Anglo-European College of ...

aim. this study was conducted to examine the effect of acupressure on severity of pain and fatigue in patients with chronic heart failure. background. patients with chronic heart failure experience high levels of pain and fatigue. acupressure is a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive method which may reduce the pain and fatigue in patients with chronic heart failure. method. in this single blin...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of cold compression therapy (CCT) on postoperative pain, lameness, range of motion of the stifle joint, and swelling following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) in dogs. DESIGN Randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. ANIMALS 34 client-owned dogs with unilateral deficiency of a cranial cruciate ligament undergoing TPLO. PROCEDURES Dog...

both vitamin d deficiency and quadriceps muscle weakness are associated with knee osteoarthritis (koa) and pain. the aim of this study was to determine the restorative effect of vitamin d deficiency on pain and quadriceps muscle strength in knee osteoarthritis. patients with koa aged≥30 years, the presence of knee pain for at least one month or longer and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin (25-ohd) defici...

Background Many pediatric rheumatic diseases persist into adulthood, with negative squeal from the disease or its treatment. We aimed to assess health related quality of life in a group of children with rheumatic diseases and its relation to disease activity and functional disability.  Materials and Methods Fifty one patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 includes 27 patients diagnose...

PURPOSE To examine the effect of continuous epidural block initiated before thoracic surgery upon early and long-term postoperative pain. METHODS In a double-blind study, 70 patients scheduled for thoracic surgery under general anesthesia were assigned randomly to receive continuous epidural block with mepivacaine 1.5% initiated either 20 min before surgical incision (Pre group) or at complet...