The term terrorism is not subject to a universally accepted definition. However, it generally used describe the use of violence against civilian targets spread fear and distress thereby achieve ideological and/or political objectives. Specific acts terrorism, whether national or international, have been proscribed by respective laws. Taliban’s return power in Afghanistan after Kabul’s collapse ...

Abstract In the context of European Convention on Human Rights, doctrine autonomous concepts seems to perfectly embody dogma limited relevance domestic law before international courts, since it postulates that classifications and qualifications in national laws have a relative value may only constitute starting point for Court’s interpretation. Traditionally, is merely considered as part State ...

Abstract Mandatory human rights due diligence (HRDD) laws in the European Union (EU) – both enacted and making seem to be a promising tool harden soft international standards business (BHR) field, most prominent of these being UN Guiding Principles on Business Human Rights (UNGPs). This article develops two-layered critique mandatory HRDD laws. It problematizes very concept as articulated by UN...

Abstract The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into human society mandates that their decision-making process is explicable to users, as exemplified in Asimov’s Three Laws Robotics. Such interpretability calls for explainable AI (XAI), which this paper cites various models. However, the transaction between computable accuracy and can be a trade-off, requiring answers questions about n...