In this paper, we propose a method for using mobile laser-scanning data to estimate the green space ratio (GSR), a landscape index that represents the proportion of green area to the whole-view area. The proposed method first classifies and segments vegetation using voxel-based and shape-based approaches. Vertical planar-surface objects are excluded, and randomly distributed objects are extract...

The structural complexity of plant communities contributes to maintaining the ecosystem functioning in fire-prone landscapes and plays a crucial role driving ecological resilience fire. objective this study was evaluate fire off several with reference temporal evolution their vertical diversity (VSD) estimated from data fusion C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter (Sentinel-1) multi...

The advent and recent advances of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) have enabled accurate measurement of 3D ecosystem structure. Here, we review insights gained through the application of LiDAR to animal ecology studies, revealing the fundamental importance of structure for animals. Structural heterogeneity is most conducive to increased animal richness and abundance, and increased complexity...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Band 4 Foliage-height diversity Horizontal vegetation structure Image texture Infrared air photo Landsat NDVI Wildlife habitat Ecologists commonly collect data on vegetation structure, which is an important attribute for characterizing habitat. However, measuring vegetation structure across large areas is logistically difficult. Our goal was to evaluate the degre...

The presence and continued existence of tidal morphologies, and in particular of salt marshes, is intimately connected with biological activity, especially with the presence of halophytic vegetation. Here, we review recent contributions to tidal biogeomorphology and identify the presence of multiple competing stable states arising from a two-way feedback between biomass productivity and topogra...

We continue investigation of the effect of position in announcements of newly received articles, a single day artifact, with citations received over the course of ensuing years. Earlier work [1, 2] focused on the " visibility " effect for positions near the beginnings of announcements, and on the " self-promotion " effect associated to authors intentionally aiming for these positions, with both...

In order to experimentally investigate the effects of rigid vegetation on the characteristics of flow, the vegetations were modeled by rigid cylindrical rod. Flow field is measured under the conditions of submerged rigid rod in flume with single layer and double layer vegetations. Experiments were performed for various spacings of the rigid rods. The vegetation models were aligned with the appr...

Airborne laser scanning (ALS) based height and intensity information was exploited for the vertical stratification of vegetation layers in a multilayered Mediterranean ecosystem. A new methodology for the separation of different strata was implemented using supervised classification of a two-dimensional feature space spanned by ALS return height (terrain corrected) and discrete return intensity...