June last, we showed that the classes had, during the last ten years, undergone a very remarkable development. The increase has been more rapid and embarrassing in the Bengali class than in the English; the numbers in the one case having, during the period in question, undergone nearly a five-fold increase, and in the other, rather less than a three-fold. The Military or Hindustani class has no...

Speech rhythm can be measured acoustically in terms of durational characteristics of consonantal and vocalic intervals. The present paper investigated how acoustically measurable rhythm varies across dialects of Swiss German. Rhythmic measurements (%V, �C, �V, varcoC, varcoV, rPVI-C, nPVIC, nPVI-V) were carried out on four sentences of six speakers from eight Swiss dialects. Results indicate th...

this article deals with a comparative analysis of phonological dissimilarities between two iranian dialects in the southern borders of the caspian sea, e.g. taleshi in gilan and kelardashti in mazandaran. the differences are classified and analyzed with an emphasis on the kelardasht’s rudbarak and talish’s alian dialects in two parts of vowel and consonant diversities.

the different constructions of [ah] which is an infinitive are prevalent in the dialect of the historical village of xanik and its neighboring villages. singular second person paradigm in present tense of [ah] infinitive in the dialect is a survivor of sanskrit and old persian languages. some constructions of this infinitive are widely used, because they are attributive verbs meaning is being a...

Kammu, a Mon-Khmer language spoken in Northern Laos is a language that has developed lexical tones rather recently, from the point of view of language history. One of the main dialects of this language is a tone language of the “East Asian” type with (high or low) tone on each syllable, while the other main dialect lacks lexical tones. The dialects differ only marginally in other respects. This...

Over the past thirty years, Construction Grammar approaches (see e.g. Croft 2001; Goldberg 2006; Hoffmann & Trousdale 2013) have received substantial support from psychoand neurolinguistics as well as from research on L1 (Diessel 2013) and L2 (Ellis 2013) acquisition. It is therefore not surprising that recently a considerable number of studies on World English varieties have emerged that adopt...

This paper discusses some of the issues that have to be addressed for a systematic treatment of vernacular mathematics. In vernacular proofs, variable letters are introduced and used in a way that does not conform to the usual interpretation offered for referring expressions in the formal semantics of natural language (Kamp and Reyle, 1993; Kamp, 1981; Heim, 1982; Groenendijk and Stokhof, 1990;...

The history of the Swiss chalet is a history of recycled form. This paper considers the nature of the chalet as a vernacular building type, its appropriation beginning in the eighteenth century within picturesque theory and high-style architecture in England and America, and its eventual return to the vernacular in the form of the early-twentieth-century bungalow. The goal of the paper is to ex...

The Liber uricrisiarum in Wellcome MS 225 (hereafter, MS 225), a uroscopic treatise in Middle English that cites the De urinis by Isaac Judaeus as its principal source, ' exemplifies the sort of vernacular medical literature produced in abundance in late fourteenthand early fifteenth-century England that relies heavily on learned medical literature for its content.' Especially striking in the L...