as the arabic formal language is the national unifier that unites the sons of the arabs, so that it is a common language and the one of the holy quran, ideological inherited, and the language of science and knowledge, vulgar dialects in different arab countries, however, differ to the extent that, for example, a man from one of the eastern arab countries isn't able to find out the accent o...

The term Smart Home typically refers to dwellings augmented with high-tech responsive systems such that heating, air conditioning, lighting, appliances, entertainment outlets, and architectural components are computerized and managed, often via a remote control. Smart homes promise comfort, convenience, and resource conservation in the near future. Yet the notion of increased dependency on tech...

One of the factors attributed to poor performance of some indigenous students at universities in developing countries is the use of a second language – mainly English and to some extent French – as the language of instruction at the universities. Consequently, policymakers in some developing countries have introduced, or are debating the idea of introducing, local vernacular languages as the of...

In 1947, Egyptian novelist, short story writer and playwright Mahmud Taymur (1894-1973) was awarded the first prize in short story writing from Cairo Arabic Language Academy. Two years later, Taymur was made a member of the prestigious scholarly institution whose main mission was to promote and defend the use of classical Arabic in modern Arabic literature. In both the statement made by the jur...

since the true understanding of each dialect depends on an understanding of language changes, this paper discusses the historical course of language in egypt and the linguistic features of the egyptian dialect based on historical linguistics. what this paper takes into consideration is the presence of arabic in egypt before the advent of islam and discusses the extent of its impression from the...

This paper presents the Durham Mathematical Vernacular (MV) project. The project aims to develop the technology for interactive tools based on proof checking with type theory, which allow mathematicians to develop mathematics in their usual vernacular. Its sub-goals are to develop type theory technology to support MV and to develop the corresponding NL technology. Mathematical language has many...

The variation patterns of the variable (ING) in an American college fraternity are explained by analyzing individual men's contextualized discourse. While most of the fraternity men predictably use a lower rate of the `vernacular' variant in weekly meetings, several men use a higher rate. I argue that all of the men index alignment roles associated with power, but that these alignment roles are...

An analysis of taxa used and that are salient to Vietnamese in Hawai‘i compared with southern Vietnam reflects an evolution of the assemblage of food plants demonstrated by substitutions, insertions, and deletions of plant taxa. Replications occur as the Vietnamese in Hawai‘i have access to many similar plant taxa as those in Vietnam, possibly due to the location of Hawai‘i as a place where sim...

This paper is a contribution to the formal study and analysis of vernacular forms of program derivation. Specifically, in this paper, our vernacular derivations are elementary program transformations over the natural numbers. We provide an intensional semantics for these transformations within the derivations of the Elementary theory of Operations and Numbers, EON, [Bee85]. This semantics is in...

The paper analyzes the “Origin” and the “Derivative” of Hakka Enclosed Dwelling’s by a specific transmutation instance of Longsheng House of Liuzhou in Qing Dynasty, and researches on Hakka Enclosed Dwelling’s layout, size, and the transmutation of forms. It points out that as one of the fittest to the environment among the vernacular dwelling, Enclosed Dwelling’s construction site and defence ...