BACKGROUND Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) is a mode of mechanical ventilation, which has demonstrated potential benefits in trauma patients. We therefore sought to compare relevant pulmonary data and safety outcomes of this modality to the recommendations of the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network. METHODS Patients admitted after traumatic injury requiring mechanical venti...

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE There have been dramatic increases in very low birth weight infant survival. However, respiratory morbidity remains problematic. The aim here was to verify associations between pulmonary mechanics, pulmonary structural abnormalities and respiratory morbidity during the first year of life. DESIGN AND SETTING Prospective cohort study at Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundaç...

Abstract Introduction Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP), as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and prevention (CDC), is a pneumonia that occurs in a patient receiving mechanical ventilation that develops 48 hours or more after initiation of ventilation. Re-intubation which occur within 72 hours of planned extubation may be effective in VAP incidence. The aim of this study was to det...

introduction: ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is one of the most common hospital infections and a side effect of lengthy stay in intensive care unit (icu). considering the ever-changing pattern of common pathogens in infectious diseases and the raise in prevalence of hospital infections, the present study was designed aiming to determine the prevalence of vap and its bacterial causes. met...

INTRODUCTION This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of small bowel feeding compared with gastric feeding on the frequency of pneumonia and other patient-important outcomes in critically ill patients. METHODS We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, clinicaltrials.gov and personal files from 1980 to Dec 2012, and conferences and proceedings from 1993 to Dec 2012 for randomiz...

(1) Background: To assess sex differences in the incidence, characteristics, procedures and outcomes of patients admitted with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); to analyze variables associated in-hospital mortality (IHM). (2) Methods: We analyzed data collected by Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database, 2016–2019. (3) Results: identified 13,278 hospital discharges (66.4% men) IPF (prim...

There is much interest in the use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) to prevent intubation and afford a survival benefit for patients. The risk of pneumonia in patients receiving NPPV has been reported in 12 studies. Compared to patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (4 studies), the pneumonia rate is lower with the use of NPPV (relative risk [RR] 0.15, 95% confiden...

RATIONALE Treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been shown to be associated with an increased incidence of pneumonia. However, it is unclear if this is associated with increased mortality. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the effects of prior use of ICS on clinical outcomes for patients with COPD hospitalize...

Introduction The infections associated with mechanical ventilation are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Limited studies report increased mortality and ICU stay, requirement for mechanical ventilation and higher costs in ventilator-associated Tracheobronchitis (TAV) in comparison to patients with ventilatorassociated pneumonia (NAV). These studies do not descr...

BACKGROUND Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the leading nosocomial infection in critically ill patients. The frequency of ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria has increased in recent years, and these pathogens cause most of the deaths attributable to pneumonia. The authors, therefore, evaluated factors associated with selected multidrug-resistant ventilator-a...