Because of the fact that vehicle crash tests are complex and complicated experiments it is advisable to establish their mathematical models. This paper contains an overview of the kinematic and dynamic relationships of a vehicle in a collision. There is also presented basic mathematical model representing a collision together with its analysis. The main part of this paper is devoted to methods ...

This study aimed to investigate the utility of the responses of the two child dummies (P1.5 and P3) that are placed in the rear seat, in identical forwardfacing child restraints during frontal Australian NCAP (ANCAP) tests. Dynamic responses of the two child dummies, vehicle crash parameters, and frontal dummy responses were extracted from the ANCAP report database for 35 frontal crash tests. L...

Designing vehicles to protect occupants from explosive threats is complicated by the complex set of physics that occurs from the point of detonation to the response of the occupants. These physics include detonation chemistry, shock physics, solid mechanics, structural dynamics, nonlinear material behaviour, and human physiology and injury mechanics, among others. Consequently, vehicles are typ...

Unintentional injury is a significant public health burden for American Indians and Alaska Natives and was the leading cause of death among those aged 1 to 44 years between 1999 and 2004. Of those deaths, motor vehicle-related deaths cause the most mortality, justifying the need for intervention at an American Indian Reservation in Arizona (United States). We describe motor vehicle injury preve...

The objective of this study is to evaluate occupant posture change during pre‐impact braking and explain the effects of a motorized seatbelt (MSB) on occupant restraint. In order to simulate the pre‐impact condition, low‐speed sled tests on young adult male volunteers were conducted with a vehicle seat, a seatbelt and a foot rest. In this study, two seatbelt systems and two muscle tone ...

In an effort to develop occupant protection standards for future crewed spacecraft, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has been investigating the test device for human occupant restraint (THOR) dummy in relevant impact test scenarios. In this study, the biofidelity of THOR and total human model for safety (THUMS) finite element (FE) models were evaluated against a series o...

DEVELOPMENT OF LOWER EXTREMITY INJURY CRITERIA ANDBIOMECHANICAL SURROGATE TO EVALUATE MILITARY VEHICLE OCCUPANTINJURY DURING AN EXPLOSIVE BLAST EVENTbyBRIAN JOSEPH MCKAYDecember 2010Advisor: Dr. Cynthia BirMajor: Biomedical EngineeringDegree: Doctor of Philosophy Anti-vehicular (AV) landmines and improvised explosive devices (IED) haveaccounted for more than ...

Nearside occupants in side impact crashes often sustain severe injuries resulting in significant economic burden. Continual advancements in safety technology, including reinforced door structures, torso and head curtain air bags, compatibility improvements and other advancements, attempt to provide increased protection to occupants in these side impact crashes. Despite these advancements, serio...

Vehicle crash-event data recorders associated with inflatable occupant restraint systems, Mayday systems, and Automatic Crash Notification systems are rapidly becoming more common and more sophisticated. If such devices are equipped with integral accelerometers, it is possible to input the actual vehicle accelerationtime history recorded during the crash to a suitable occupant dynamics computer...