background: injuries and accidents are one of the main problems in the present century. the purpose of this study was the identification and analysis of the characteristics of pre-hospital emergency motor vehicle accidents (mva) in rafsanjan, iran, in 2014. materials and methods: this cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on all patients recorded by pre-hospital emergency during a per...

In this study, stability control of a three-wheeled vehicle with two wheels on the front axle, a three-wheeled vehicle with two wheels on the rear axle, and a standard four-wheeled vehicle are compared. For vehicle dynamics control systems, the direct yaw moment control is considered as a suitable way of controlling the lateral motion of a vehicle during a severe driving maneuver. In accorda...

objective(s): we examined the effects of endurance exercise in the presence of bunium persicum extract administration on lipid profile and cardiorespiratory capacity in hypercholesterolemic male mice. materials and methods: forty male hypercholesterolemic mice were divided into four groups: vehicle, endurance exercise (ee), bunium persicum extract (bpe), and ee + bpe. the exercise protocol was ...

background: xylene is known as one of the most toxic of the nervous system. the purpose of this study is to estimate the concentration of xylene in the cabin of the vehicles production in iran. also the effect of ventilation, cigarette smoking, and air freshener inside the vehicle, fuel type and car decorations on the concentration of the substance being studied.   methods: 152 vehicles pride a...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of hawthorn (Crataegus oxycantha) on left ventricular remodeling and function in pressure overload-induced heart failure in an animal model. DESIGN Randomized, parallel, dose-ranging animal study. SETTING University research facility. ANIMALS Seventy-four male Sprague-Dawley rats; 44 were included in the final analysis. INTERVENTION Rats underwen...

In the present study, the aim is to optimize full and half toroidal continuously variable transmission (CVT) in order to minimize the vehicle fuel consumption (FC) in ECE driving cycle. First, the model of both CVTs’ efficiency is presented. The control strategy of CVTs speed ratio based on minimizing the vehicle FC is introduced, and the algorithm of calculating the vehicle FC is shown. Afterw...

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common cause of peripheral nerve involvement. Evaluating the effect of antioxidants on diabetic neuropathic pain is important. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of Angipars medicine in the treatment of neuropathic hyperalgesia in single dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Correspo...

Recent changes to the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards in the United States mandate substantial improvement in automobile fuel economy over the next fifteen years. One of the ways that manufacturers improve fuel economy is to lower vehicle weights, which has impacts on safety. The innovation of this project is a novel maximum likelihood model that avoids issues of driver selectio...

The purpose of this article is to propose a perturbation metaheuristic for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Private fleet and Common carrier (VRPPC). This problem consists of serving all customers such in a way that 1) each customer is served exactly once either by a private fleet vehicle or by a common carrier vehicle, 2) all routes associated with the private fleet start and end at the depot,...

The vehicle/bridge interaction moving forces are important for the bridge structure design and the reliability evaluation. Therefore, the dynamic moving forces produced by the vehicles on the bridge structure must be determined by adopting the estimation method or measurement techniques. Direct measurement of the vehicle moving forces using sensors with higher precision is expensive and is subj...