The valley degree of freedom in two-dimensional (2D) crystals recently emerged as a novel information carrier in addition to spin and charge. The intrinsic valley lifetime in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) is expected to be markedly long due to the unique spin-valley locking behavior, where the intervalley scattering of the electron simultaneously requires a large momentum transfer t...

We show that inversion symmetry breaking together with spin-orbit coupling leads to coupled spin and valley physics in monolayers of MoS2 and other group-VI dichalcogenides, making possible controls of spin and valley in these 2D materials. The spin-valley coupling at the valence-band edges suppresses spin and valley relaxation, as flip of each index alone is forbidden by the valley-contrasting...

During 2 successive rainy seasons, January 2008 through May 2008 and November 2008 through March 2009, Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) caused outbreaks in Madagascar. Human and animal infections were confirmed on the northern and southern coasts and in the central highlands. Analysis of partial sequences from RVFV strains showed that all were similar to the strains circulating in Kenya during 20...

Mining subsidence associated with longwall extractions beneath significant natural features such as rivers and streams in the Southern Coalfield of New South Wales has posed risks to the natural environment. In this paper, a case study is presented showing the methodology in two-dimensional UDEC (Itasca 2006) modeling for mining induced subsidence around river valley, taking advantage of the di...

Advanced Optoelectronics for Energy and Environment (AOEE) is part of International Photonics and OptoElectronics Meetings (POEM), launched by Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO). POEM is a large-scale multi-disciplinary international conference in the field of photonics and optoelectronics. It aims to focus on the key techniques of scientific frontier and industry in the field...

Soil moisture (SM) estimatesare considered as a valuable input for various environment models, including weather forecasting, water management, agriculture, and forestry applications. In order to better understand the sources of SM error/bias and spatial variability, simulated with Land Surface Models (LSM), observed and simulated SM were compared. This comparison was performed over a spatial d...