in the present work, a simple and sensitive method was developed for determination of morphine and heroin using gold nanoparticles as resonance rayleigh scattering (rrs) and colorimetric technique’s probe. synthesized gold nanoparticles by sodium citrate reduction method have a negative charge layer on their surfaces because of self-assembled citrate anions on their surface. binding of morphin...

Background and purpose: Nitrobenzene (NB) as the main material of synthetic fuels, cleaners, rubber and explosives is discharged into the environment and groundwater in large-scale. This compound is considered as a persistent organic pollutant with high toxicity and stable chemical structure which can cause serious risks for human health and ecosystem even in low concentrations. Therefore, the ...

in this study reference as one of the five cohesive devices in the achievement of textuality in english and persian narrative/descripitive written texts is focused on and analysed . to do so , the theoretical framework elaborated by halliday and hasan (1976) and its version adapted by the writer to match the sub-types of reference in farsi are applied to the analysis of reference in english and...

‏‎‏‎utopia has, for four centuries, accompanied that hope of progress and that striving for betterment. it now straggles against a widespread sense that this has been an illusion, or an impossible dream. the utopian idea can never entirely disappear, but utopia as a form of the social imagination has clearly weakened. if it cannot instill its vision in the public consciousness, the consequences...

Background and Objective: Currently, photocatalysts have become a major focus of research in physics, chemistry, and surface engineering. It is hoped that this science help to solve various environmental problems.  This study investigated the effect of ultraviolet lamp type on the removal efficiency of xylene utilizing the fixation of TiO2 nanoparticles on the activated carbon absorber and pass...

Introduction: In real Conditions, pollution emission are mostly released as mixed components rather than a single pure emission of the chemicals. In this study, a miniature stirred tank bioreactor was optimized for treatment of waste gas containing BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene). . Material and Method: The sludge of an oil refinery was sampled based on the assumption that it contains BTX-d...

this dissertation has six chapter and tree appendices. chapter 1 introduces the thesis proposal including description of problem, key questions, hypothesis, backgrounds and review of literature, research objectives, methodology and theoretical concepts (key terms) taken the literature and facilitate an understanding of national security, national interest and turkish- israeli relations concepts...