Objective: There is an urgent need for safe, effective and acceptable vaginal barrier methods for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV. A variety of existing spermicides have the potential to be used both for prevention of STDs and unwanted pregnancy. Unfortunately, very little is known about formulation preferences and the desirable characteristics of vaginal p...

BACKGROUND Rupture of fetal membranes can occur at any gestational age. Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) means rupture of fetal membranes before the onset of labor. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the reliability of the vaginal washing fluid urea and creatinine for the diagnosis of PROM and to determine cut-off values. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 17...

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY, Vol. 27, No. 12, 1981 2071 displacement during head rotation and vaginal examinations, and amniotic fluid contamination may explain in vivo differences. Biological factors, reflecting blood and tissue fluid, might also affect the measurements, producing real differences in tissue and blood pH values. At present, because of these differences, in vivo continuous measurement of...

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by excessive growth of anaerobic bacteria in the vaginal flora. Previous studies have shown that patients with BV have a substantially increased risk for serious complications such as chorioamnionitis, PROM, amniotic fluid infection, preterm delivery, low birth weight infants, and endometritis following cesarean and vaginal delivery. The aim of this ...

Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina is an extremely rare variant of melanoma that accounts for <3% of all vaginal malignancies. Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina has a worse prognosis as compared with non-genital melanomas or other vaginal malignant neoplasms. A-35-year-old female had a diagnosis of primary malignant melanoma of the vagina. A local excision of the tumor was first pe...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chronic pelvic pain is often difficult to diagnose and treat properly. Physicians called on to treat this problem may not be able to give a specific diagnosis. The aim of this study was to see whether the physical presence of anterior vaginal wall tenderness could help narrow down and elucidate diagnoses in a practice focusing on diagnosis and treatment of chronic pelv...

Introduction: Some of the term gestations will need induction labor due to various reasons. The outcome these pregnancies is not known beforehand. Engagement fetal head assessed clinically by abdominal and vaginal examination, but clinical assessment a poor predictor for course Per examinations are done after induction/active progression bishop score calculation, this varies from examiner exami...

Correspondence to: Mr Riou. A 28 year old nulliparous woman presented to the accident and emergency department after failing to retrieve a glass mercury thermometer from her vagina. She had been using the thermometer to measure her vaginal temperature on waking each morning as part of a fertility programme in order to ascertain the time of ovulation. Although oral or rectal temperature measurem...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes and complications of laparoscopic sacropexy with regard to 3 varying mesh attachment points: the vaginal stump, the cervical stump, and the posterior side of the cervix in the case of uterus preservation. METHOD A retrospective study was conducted among 310 women treated for descensus with laparoscopic sacro...

This study investigated the roles of vaginal spasm, pain, and behavior in vaginismus and the ability of psychologists, gynecologists, and physical therapists to agree on a diagnosis of vaginismus. Eighty-seven women, matched on age, relationship status, and parity, were assigned to one of three groups: vaginismus, dyspareunia resulting from vulvar vestibulitis syndrome (VVS), and no pain with i...