OBJECTIVE Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) is characterized by vaginal changes, dyspareunia, and itching/irritation. Efficacy and safety of a lower-dose estradiol vaginal cream (0.003%) were evaluated in postmenopausal women with VVA-related dyspareunia. METHODS This was a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Sexually active postmenopausal women with moderate-severe dyspareu...

OBJECTIVE In the years after the 2002 publication of results from the Women's Health Initiative study, there has been a reluctance to prescribe hormone therapy to symptomatic postmenopausal women and confusion over its duration and method of prescription. The main concerns are the risks of cardiovascular events and breast cancer. However, local vaginal estrogen (VE) may provide benefits without...

BACKGROUND Germinated brown rice (GBR) is gaining momentum in the area of biomedical research due to its increased use as a nutraceutical for the management of diseases. The effect of GBR on the reproductive organs of oophorectomised rats was studied using the gross, cytological, histological and immunohistochemical changes, with the aim of reducing atrophy and dryness of the genital organs in ...

Volume 24, Number 2, June 1998 result of a curse or bad luck.7 In Senegal, drying agents may be used where there is a community belief that the vagina is not simply a natural part of the body, but must bear the mark of artistic “work.”8 Both men and women have expressed preference for vaginal dryness and tightness during intercourse. In Zaire,9 as well as in Zimbabwe,10 it is reported to increa...

Background: Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) majorly caused by the physiological decline in estrogen, affects up to 90% menopausal women. Hormonal therapy seems be an effective treatment, often not executable for contraindication or patient’s low compliance local systemic medical therapy. Fractional CO2 laser is emerging and choice women affected vulvo-vaginal atrophy (VVA), promoting ...

BACKGROUND Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator with both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity, is widely used as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients. Treatment with tamoxifen is associated with sexual side effects, such as increased vaginal dryness and pain/discomfort during sexual activity. There have been limited investigations of the effect of tamoxifen on estrogen-d...

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate effectiveness CO 2 fractional laser therapy on perimenopausal urogenital symptoms. Material and methods: This prospective, open-label included 205 patients who received three treatments. Clinical assessment checked at baseline as well six weeks 12 months post-treatment. following scores were measured Vaginal Health Index Score (VHIS), Internation...

Leiomyomas are a major source of morbidity and decrease in quality life for women reproductive age. Goserelin is Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) which treats leiomyomas inducing hypogonadotropic state. Adverse effects includes hot flushes vaginal dryness. When choosing treatment, its capability to improve the patient’s must be taken consideration. The objective this retrospectiv...

OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify factors associated with greater impact of vaginal symptoms on the functioning and well-being of postmenopausal women. METHODS Postmenopausal women who reported vaginal dryness, itching, irritation, or pain with sexual activity completed the multidimensional Day-to-day Impact of Vaginal Aging (DIVA) questionnaire and underwent assessment of multiple sociod...

OBJECTIVE To examine associations between the composition of the vaginal microbiota and genitourinary menopausal symptoms, serum estrogen, and vaginal glycogen. METHODS For this cross-sectional study, 88 women aged 40 to 62 years, enrolled in a hot flash treatment trial, provided vaginal swabs and a blood sample at enrollment. Bacterial communities were characterized using 16S rRNA PCR and de...