Aim To examine the trends of 1982–2003 satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values at several spatial scales within tundra and boreal forest areas of Alaska. Location Arctic and subarctic Alaska. Methods Annual maximum NDVI data from the twice monthly Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) NDVI 1982–2003 data set with 64-km 2 pixels were extracted from...

In SDMA mobile radio systems where only base stations, but no mobiles are equipped with antenna arrays, co-channel interference on the downlink has to be kept down by beamforming. The performance of the beamformer is determined by the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the users operating in the same frequency/tixne/code slot. Thus the full capacity of an SDMA cell can only be made use of by an ef...

Demand for agricultural food production is projected to increase dramatically in the coming decades, putting at risk our clean water supply and prospects for sustainable development. Fragmentation-free land allocation (FF-LA) aims to improve returns on ecosystem services by determining both space partitioning of a study area and choice of land-use/land-cover management practice (LMP) for each p...

Dynamic memory storage has been widely used during years in computer science. However, its use in real-time systems has not been considered as an important issue because the spatial and temporal worst case for allocation and deallocation operations were unbounded or bounded but with a very large bound. TLSF (Two Level Segregated Fit) is a new allocator has been designed specifically to meet rea...

Technical approaches still dominate regional resource use planning processes in Australia, despite increasing calls from stakeholder groups for greater participation. In response to these calls, communicative approaches to regional resource use planning are being adopted. Communicative planning converts natural resource planning (allocation) from a technical to a political process, albeit one w...

Most of the infrastructures planning problems like facility location, allocation of resources, and path planning are based on the network topology created from maps with spatial and non-spatial attributes. The problem is where do you locate new facilities? In this example, the facility can be on any node i.e. at any road junction. It is also possible to locate a facility in the middle of the ro...