BACKGROUND Dengue is one of the major public health problems in the world, affecting more than fifty million cases in tropical and subtropical region every year. The metabolome, as pathophysiological end-points, provide significant understanding of the mechanism and progression of dengue pathogenesis via changes in the metabolite profile of infected patients. Recent developments in diagnostic t...

styrene is an important constituent of widely used organic solvents in industries for production of various synthetic materials. the use of solid-phase extraction (spe) has grown and is a fertile technique of sample preparation as it provides better results than those produced by liquidliquid extraction. in this study, spe has been optimized, regarding sample ph, sample concentration, sample fl...

Inhalant abuse is defined as inhalation of solvents or volatile organic substances for pleasure or short term enjoyment. The most common d material is glue due to its low price and easy access. Glue solvent sniffing produces fast and pleasurable experience to the abuser. Glue normally contains toluene will then metabolite to hippuric acid and excreted in urine for glue sniffer’s. A mobile G.S. ...

organic academia are diverse group of disorders characterized by abnormal degredation of specific amino acid in the specific catabolism due to an enzymeactivity defect which mainly due to enzyme deficiency. the majority of the classic organic acid disorders are caused by abnormal catabolism of branched-chain amino acids like lysine. maple syrup urine disease (msud), propionic acidemia, methylma...

Analysis for calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, oxalate, uric acid, and creatinine in 24-h urine collections is often needed for the differential diagnosis of patients with renal calculi. Considerable attention has been given to improving the methods of analysis, but improper sample collection and processing can cause significant errors for calcium and oxalate in urine samples not treated with aci...

Background: Proteinuria indicates a kidney disorder and provides important prognostic information in diagnosing disease. To determine the presence of protein urine, urinalysis examination is carried out. generally uses heating method with acetic acid, sulfosalicylic concentrated nitric acid as reagents. In Indonesia, use for proteinuria still primary choice. An alternative reagent needed that c...

BACKGROUND Detection of abnormal metabolites in urine is important for the diagnosis of many inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). Rapid, comprehensive screening methods are needed. METHODS We used electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in positive- and negative-ion modes to detect selected metabolites in urine. For positive-ion analysis, samples were dried and butylated, whereas for n...

abstract balanced nutrition and soil organic mater are among most important factors affecting yield and quality of grape (vitis vinifera cv.peykani). humic acid as an organic acid derived from humus and other organic sources, in accompany with zinc, and acetic acid can reduce deficiency symptoms in grape. to study the effects of zinc, humic acid and acetic acid on yield and yield components, an...

A total of 384 pigs was used to evaluate the effects of benzoic acid supplementation on nitrogen balance of pigs compared to antibiotics and organic acids. Pigs were weaned at 21 d of age and fed 7 diets for 5 wk based on 3 phase feeding program following nutrient requirements from NRC. There were 8 replicates per treatment and 8 pigs per pen. Treatments were NC: negative control without any su...

There is excreted in the urine of subjects ill with acute lobar pneumonia a large amount of organic acid which is free at a hydrogen ion concentration of 5.0. Acidosis as determined by the combined carbon dioxide in the plasma is seldom, if ever, severe.