Urinary stone is one of the oldest and the most common afflictions in humans, animals and birds. A number of people suffer from urinary stones. Brushite or calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CHPD) crystals are frequently found in urinary stones. Many fruits contain high amount of tartaric acid. Therefore, the effect of tartaric acid on the growth of CHPD crystals is presented in this article...

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) using the Sonolith R vision Lithotripter for urinary stones. Patients and methods: From July 2005 to September 2008, 463 patients including 451 Saudi and 12 Non-Saudi patients, 62% males and 38% females aged 18-93 (mean 56.32 years) underwent ESWL treatment for solitary urinary stones at...

Knowledge of the chemical composition and structure of urinary stones is of great value in the choice of treatment and prevention of recurrence. This is a brief review and a comparative study of the principles and practical application of various chemical and physical techniques used for urinary stone analysis. The different methods of classifying and grouping urinary stones by results of chemi...

The catheter-associated uropathogenProteus mirabilisfrequently causes urinary stones, but little has been known about the initial stages of bladder colonization and stone formation. We found thatP. mirabilisrapidly invades the bladder urothelium, but generally fails to establish an intracellular niche. Instead, it forms extracellular clusters in the bladder lumen, which form foci of mineral dep...

Introduction Urinary stones are relatively uncommon in the paediatric age group; however, the prevalence seems to be on the increase and the tendency towards urinary lithiasis in males and females is the same in childhood.1,2 The clinical features are often vague and nonspecific, so a high index of suspicion is usually required for diagnosis. Limited investigations tend to be performed in child...

The formation of various types of kidney stones is strongly influenced by urinary pH. An alkaline pH favors the crystallization of calcium- and phosphate-containing stones, whereas and acidic urine pH promotes uric acid or cystine stones. The activity of many transport processes involved in calcium, citrate and phosphate handling are sensitive to changes in systemic or local pH as shown for sev...

Kidney stones are small, hard deposits of mineral and acid salts that separate out from urine in the urinary tract. They can vary in size and location. While small stones can pass through the urinary system without causing symptoms, larger stones can cause serious morbidity, pain, haematuria, infection, decreased kidney function and kidney failure can cause severe pain. This pain typically star...

Bladder stones are frequently seen in elderly men and account for 5% of all urinary stones. They develop secondary to infravesical obstructions, such as prostatic hyperplasia and neurogenic bladder. A 56-year-old patient with frequent and painful urination, dysuria, and minor complaints of suprapubic pain was referred to our clinic. He was diagnosed with bladder stones by non-contrast abdominop...

Background & Aims: [alpha]1-Adrenergic blockers have recently been shown to increase the rate of spontaneous passage of distal urethral stones. In this study the clinical role of Terazocin and Prednisolone in expulsion therapy of symptomatic distal urethral stones was assessed. Methods: The total number of 106 patients between 20-68 years old (Mean 39.05 years) who had lower ureteral stones wit...

biological effects extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (eswl) is not precisely known. we have evaluated two urinary enzymes activity n-acetyl-b-d-glucosamine (nag) and alanine amino peptidase (aap) before and after unilateral eswl as markers for renal parenchymal damage. forty eight patients with kidney stones (mean age 39) who had presented for the first time or at least one year after their...