Urbanization is an important demographic phenomenon in sub-Saharan Africa, and rural-urban migration remains a major contributor to urban growth. In a context of sustained economic recession, these demographic processes have been associated with a rise in urban poverty and ill health. Developments in health service provision need to reflect new needs arising from demographic and disease ecology...

Abstract Riparian ecosystems in urban environments are usually degraded. Their sustainable management can reduce water pollution, mitigate climate change while providing recreation opportunities. This study assessed the current condition of streams/torrents and their riparian areas city Drama Greece. In addition, practices to improve functionality enhance community awareness were recommended. A...

Abstract Turbulent diffusion played a role in mixing the pollutants that caused instability atmospheric boundary layer by analyzing features of turbulent transfer, coefficients momentum (k m ) and heat h ), shape universal functions PM 2.5 . Observation turbulence measured 3D ultrasonic anemometer for one week both January July 2016, Baghdad, Iraq. K concentrations had strong inverse relationsh...

Rapid urban expansion resulting in increased impervious surfaces causes a series of urban environmental problems, e.g., the urban heat island and urban forest fragmentation. Urban expansion is a serious threat to human quality of life and living environments. It has been studied from a variety of aspects, but its driving factors and time series expansion characteristics (i.e., expansion intensi...

We present high resolution measurements of ammonia (NH3) and particle-ammonium (NH4 ) collected during the Pacific 2001 experiment at an urban, sub-urban and high elevation site. These data are used to conduct a detailed instrument inter-comparison and to characterize the sites. The data are interpreted with respect to; the degree to which the sites are representative, the degree of sensitivity...

the cities are home to half of the people who live on the planet earth. they stimulate economic growth and cultural prosperity, but they are also the center of pollution and poverty. therefore, the livability of cities, in particular urban distressed areas, has always been one of the issues and challenges facing thinkers in different fields of urban management. however, the planning to improve ...

The rapid global migration of people towards urban areas is multiplying the traffic volume on urban road networks. As a result these networks are rapidly growing in size, in which different sub-networks exhibit distinctive traffic flow patterns. In this paper, we propose a scalable framework for traffic congestion-based spatial partitioning of large urban road networks. It aims to identify diff...

The problem of mixed pixels negatively affects the delineation of accurate surface water in Landsat Imagery. Linear spectral unmixing has been demonstrated to be a powerful technique for extracting surface materials at a sub-pixel scale. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an innovative low albedo fraction (LAF) method based on the idea of unconstrained linear spectral unmixing. The LAF stands...

This paper proposes a cost-benefit framework to address the role of parcel and neighborhood conditions, as well as government policies, and investigates the spatial determinants of urban land expansion in Nanjing, one of the sub-centers of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD). Using spatial regression models, we find the significance of the economy of scale, agglomeration, accessibility, and governmen...