National Rural Health Mission represents an important public health initiative to address essential health needs of the country's underserved population. For the Mission to achieve its goals, urban population needs to be included in its scope. Urban poor population constitutes nearly a third of India's urban population and is growing at three times the national population growth rate. Health st...

This chapter considers the literature on urbanization and migration to cities from rural areas in developing and middle-income countries. The chapter assesses recent patterns, discusses traditional models, addresses more recent models of migration, presents some of the recent findings from the micro-econometric literature, and closes with a discussion of the role of cities in economic growth. C...

the earth is a stable feature but it is diminished due to different factors including: the extension and development of cities, emerging of villages and rural areas with the physical texture of cities, the spreading of industrial units and population growth, changing the patterns of land use and lack of good management. this paper is concerned with the global and national perspective of these p...

the theory of urban ecology is based on explaining urban spatial structure, studying and describing the reciprocal relationship between human societies in the urban areas and the environment, as well as analyzing the circumstances of urban population segregation and production of everyday life spaces. to study and explain urban ecological structure of mashhad, the case study of the article, we ...

Reflectance characteristics of human settlements influence energy fluxes in the physical environment as well as our ability to monitor urban growth with satellite-based sensors. Spectral heterogeneity at the scales of 10 to 30 meters complicate the traditional land cover classifications derived from moderate resolution satellite imagery in urban and suburban areas. In this study we consider pop...

Urban population density may influence transportation demand, e.g., as expressed through average daily vehiclekilometers traveled in private motor vehicles per capita. In turn, changes in transportation demand influence total passenger vehicle emissions to which populations are exposed. Population density can also influence the fraction of total emissions that are inhaled by the exposed urban p...

Indonesia went through a process of fiscal decentralization in 2001 involving the devolution of several policymaking and service delivery functions to the subnational tiers of government (provinces and districts). This process is likely to have affected regional patterns of urbanization, because the new prerogatives granted to the local governments have altered the distribution of urban ameniti...

In this research, a constrained cellular automata (CA) model based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is developed to simulate and forecast urban growth. As we know, many factors impact urban growth, and relationships among them are complex and non-linear. In geographic CA research, models with different rules and symbology have been developed to simulate those relationships. Yet, in previous d...

Relatively little attention has been paid to examining the spatial expansion features of cities at various tiers at the regional level in China, especially those located in central and western regions of the country. Based on Landsat satellite imagery from four years—1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010, this paper investigates the spatio-temporal pattern of urban land expansion and its influencing facto...

The method of spectral analysis is employed to research the spatial dynamics of urban population distribution. First of all, the negative exponential model is derived in a new way by using an entropy-maximizing idea. Then an approximate scaling relation between wave number and spectral density is derived by Fourier transform of the negative exponential model. The theoretical results suggest the...