Under the assumption of perfect competition, it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that abandoned properties and long undeveloped neighborhoods remain that way because they are unprofitable. In contrast, this paper introduces a model in which firms systematically overlook neighborhoods with little commercial activity because of a positive informational externality motivating later movers to c...

This chapter considers the literature on urbanization and migration to cities from rural areas in developing and middle-income countries. The chapter assesses recent patterns, discusses traditional models, addresses more recent models of migration, presents some of the recent findings from the micro-econometric literature, and closes with a discussion of the role of cities in economic growth. C...

The combination of the computer and the Internet has resulted in the emergence of cybergenre, a new class of genre. Cybergenre can be characterized by the triple, , where functionality refers to the capabilities afforded by this new medium. When an existing genre initially migrates to this new medium, it is usually as a faithful reproduction of the existing genre i...

The Universal Dependencies (UD) project aims to create the unified annotation schemes across languages. With its own annotation principles and abstract inventory for parts of speech, morphosyntactic features and dependency relations, UD aims to facilitate multilingual parser development, crosslingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. This paper provides the de...

A reference model of usability design, KESSU UD model, is proposed. Its original purpose is to be as a reference of usability design – “what exactly designing usability is” in the assessement the user-centredness of development projects. It can be – and also has been used for other purposes, such as planning of usability activities for new projects. A unique feature of the model is that it is m...

Spatial differences in urban environmental conditions contribute to health inequalities within cities. The purpose of the paper is to map environmental inequalities relevant for health in the City of Dortmund, Germany, in order to identify needs for planning interventions. We develop suitable indicators for mapping socioeconomically-driven environmental inequalities at the neighborhood level ba...

A major planning effort for Chicago’s largest park provided an opportunity to examine outdoor recreation use patterns and preferences among a racially and ethnically diverse clientele. Results from on-site surveys of 898 park users (217 Black, 210 Latino, 182 Asian, and 289 White) showed that park users shared a core set of interests, preferences, and concerns about the park and its management....

Urban computing provides the services by considering of user’s devices and environments near user’s location. That means that it can be detected their moving by sensor the generated contexts during user moving. And they can guess the user’s next moving through these detected contexts. During user’s moving, there are getting more increase the number of contexts. And the more increase the number ...

The aim of this paper is to study some characteristics of dependency flux, that is the set of dependencies linking a word on the left with a word on the right in a given position. Based on an exploration of the whole set of UD treebanks (12M word corpus), we show that what we have called the flux weight, which measures center embeddings, is less than 3 in 99.62 % of the inter-word positions and...

Urbanization is a major driver of land use change and global environmental decline. With accelerated urbanization worldwide, it is essential to put in place new policies to conserve urban ecosystems, species and the services these provide in order to secure more sustainable, resilient and livable cities for the 21st century. In urban planning, the concept of resilience has broadly replaced the ...