The immunogenic response of mice vaccinated intranasally or subcutaneously with increasing doses of a purified, concentrated intact A(2)/Taiwan influenza vaccine or its Tween-ether derived vaccines was compared. Immunogenicity was measured by serum neutralization and hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies, lung lesions scores, and protection against respiratory challenge with live airborne infl...

seroepidemiology unit for providing the samples for this study. The antibody testing was carried out at HPA Porton Down and we thank Moya Burrage, Lorraine Ransley, Carol Powell, Janet Blake, Jenna Plank, and Annette Crowley-Luke from the immunoassay laboratory. We thank our colleagues at the National Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis, Netherlands, for allowing us to present their r...

Prolonged excretion of poliovirus can occur in immunodeficient patients who receive oral polio vaccine, which may lead to propagation of highly divergent vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs), posing a concern for global polio eradication. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of primary immunodeficient children with enterovirus infection and to identify the long-term polio/nonpolio entero...

DNA vaccination can induce specific CD8(+) T cell immune response, but the response level is low in large mammals and human beings. Coadministration of an adjuvant can optimize protective immunity elicited by a DNA vaccine. In this study, we investigated the effect of a synthetic glucohexaose (beta-glu6), an analogue of Lentinan basic unit, on specific CD8(+) T cell response induced by a DNA va...

In the first three years of a surveillance scheme for susceptibility to rubella in women aged 15-44 the results of over 1.3 million serological tests were collected by 80 laboratories throughout the United Kingdom. Seventy eight per cent of the results, or an average of 340,000 a year, were from pregnant women, so that just under half of all pregnant women in the United Kingdom were reported on...

BACKGROUND Pneumococcal vaccination in eligible patients is recommended by the Infectious Disease Society of America and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Because hospitalization provides an opportunity to vaccinate patients at high risk for developing serious pneumonia complications, eligibility screening and administration of the pneumococcal ...

Objective: to identify the reasons that led families of children vaccine hesitancy during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: qualitative study with semi-structured interviews carried out 20 children's relatives, all which were mothers hospitalized children. Data was submitted lexicographical analysis in software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles Textes et Questionnaires, using desc...

background: recent studies indicate an increased incidence of pertussis disease in recent years. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the acellular vaccine for children (as a replacement of current whole cell vaccine in the expanded program on immunization) and for high-risk adults in iran through updating current best available evidence.   methods: we performed a systematic li...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: μl: Micro Litre; CAR: Central Africa Republic; CI: Confidence Interval; DBS: Dry Blood Spot; ELISA: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay; IgG: Immunoglobulin Gamma; KEMRI: Kenya Medical Research Institute; McV: Measles Containing Vaccine; mIU: Mill International Unit; Ml: Milli litre; NTU: Nova Tec Units; OR: Odds Ratio; SPSS: Statistica...