In this paper, we present a comparison of the blocking performance in unidirectional and bi-directional wavelength routed ring networks. This performance comparison reveals that, for the same load per node and equal number of wavelengths per link, the performance of a unidirectional ring with N nodes is very close to the performance of a bi-directional ring with 4N nodes. This comparison also s...

It is generally assumed that storing predictive relations between two events (E(1) consistently precedes E(2)) in memory as bi-directional associations does not require conscious awareness of this relation, whereas the formation of unidirectional associations that capture the direction of the relation (priming e(1) activates e(2), but e(2) not e(1)) does. This study reports a set of experiments...

Due to the asymmetric nature of the nucleotides, the extant informational biomolecule, DNA, is constrained to replicate unidirectionally on a template. As a product of molecular evolution that sought to maximize replicative potential, DNA's unidirectional replication poses a mystery since symmetric bidirectional self-replicators obviously would replicate faster than unidirectional self-replicat...

Mechanisms and protocol interactions for seamless handover of mobile multicast/broadcast services using unidirectional access networks in heterogeneous Mobile IP infrastructures are discussed and proposed. QoS based applications, such as content delivery, mobile TV, carousel and reliable downloads, requiring interaction channel, are considered, as well as recent standardization efforts for conv...

As a system using a conventional unidirectional air turbine in oscillating water column (OWC) based on a wave energy plant, a twin unidirectional impulse turbine topology has been suggested in previous studies. However, the average efficiency of the suggested twin turbine is considerably lower than that of a conventional unidirectional turbine in this topology because reciprocating air flow can...

When a system is divided into blocks B 1 B2..Bk..B m such that the existence of failure in B k will not interfare required performance of blocks B 1 B2... and Bk_l, then these blocks are called unidirectional blocks. To determine failure elements in a system, unidirectional blocks B 1 B2... will be tested one by one in the order to find a block containin~ failure first, then diagnose the block ...

A unidirectional heap is a heap where all pointers go in one direction, e.g. from newer to older objects. For a strict functional language, such as Erlang, the heap may be arranged so that it is unidirectional. We here present a compacting garbage collection algorithm which utilizes the fact that a heap is unidirectional. Only one memory space is used in our algorithm. In fact, no extra memory ...

The optical spectrum of monolithic Semiconductor Ring Lasers (SRLs) is measured simultaneously for both lasing directions with a grating-based OSA, in the regimes of bidirectional and unidirectional operation. In the unidirectional operation regime the SMSR is larger than 25 dB, and the directional extinction ratio (i.e., the ratio of the power emitted in the two opposite directions) is larger ...

this study attempts to investigate the effect of oil returns and external debt on the government expenditure in syria over the period 1970-2010. the johansen cointegration test showed that oil returns and external debt have a positive and significant long run relationship with government expenditure. the granger causality test indicates unidirectional short-run causality relationships running f...