In the light of occasional involvement of traffic accidents and of seldom costless to dispose such undesirable accidents, conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) methods, which assume that traffic accidents are freely disposable in bus transit efficiency measurement, may not be appropriate. To rectify this shortcoming, this paper attempts to construct directional output distance function m...

Congestion is one of the main issues in data envelopment analyses which have particular importance. Recently researches about congestion, whether in economic articles or in Operations Research articles in had grown increasingly. Congestion is a wasteful stage of the production process where outputs are reduced due to excessive amount of inputs. In economics, congestion is very important because...

Combination of classifiers is a promising direction for obtaining better classification systems. However, the outputs of different classifiers may have different scales and hence the classifier outputs are incomparable. Incomparability of the classifier output scores is a major problem in the combination of different classification systems. In order to avoid this problem, the measurement level ...

Porter hypothesis states that environmental regulation may lead to winwin opportunities, that is, improve the productivity and reduce the undesirable output simultaneously. Based on directional distance function, this paper proposes a novel dynamic activity analysis model to forecast the possibilities of win-win development in Chinese industry between 2011 and 2050. The consistent bootstrap est...

We will discretely approximate this using filter output. We would like to use 3× 3 filters so that gradient estimates are located on pixels, rather than between pixels. Naively we would do this using sobel filters, but that formulation has the property that ‖∇A‖x,y is not a function of Ax,y , because of the zeros in the filters being used. This often leads to undesirable artifacts in the output...

This paper proposes a sliding-mode control scheme for a class of nonlinear systems with multiple time delays, in the state variables and in the output signal. The unmeasured state of the system is estimated by an asymptotic observer for the zero dynamics and high-gain observers connected in cascade for a chain of integrators with a nonlinear input disturbance which compose the complete state. T...