There is growing interest in biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester or FAME) because of the similarity in its properties when compared to those of diesel fuels. Diesel engines operated on biodiesel have lower emissions of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, particulate matter, and air toxics than when operated on petroleum-based diesel fuel. Production of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) from rap...

Incomplete burning of the fuel and high emission in the engine were the major problems in using the petrol as a fuel. In this Experimental study, the effects of Diethyl Ether, petrol fuel blend investigated on four stroke four cylinder SI engine for analyzing the performance and combustion characteristics. The tests were performed while running the engine at speeds of 1500&1000 rpm and at four ...

Abstract The non-renewable energy sources are depleting at higher manner because of greater demand. Alternative fuel is a replacement for diesel in compressed ignition engines its significant environmental benefits. use alternative leads to reduction Opacity, NO X , HC and CO emissions the increase consumption brake thermal efficiency on without any modification. addition nanoparticles increase...

Biomass burning is a global phenomenon and systematic burned area mapping is of increasing importance for science and applications. With high spatial resolution and novelty in band design, the recently launched Sentinel-2A satellite provides a new opportunity for moderate spatial resolution burned area mapping. This study examines the performance of the Sentinel-2A Multi Spectral Instrument (MS...

—In tallgrass prairie, cicadas emerge annually, are abundant and their emergence can be an important flux of energy and nutrients. However, factors influencing die distribution and abundance of these cicadas are virtually unknown. We examined cicada emergence in plots from a long-term (13 y) experimental manipulation involving common tallgrass prairie management practices. The plots were arrang...

Infrequent, high-impact events such as wildfires, droughts, biological shifts, floods, and mechanical disturbances can greatly change land surfaces, including vegetative cover and soil characteristics, which in turn can trigger high rates of hydrologic erosion and associated transport of sediments and sediment-sorbed contaminants. Where persistent soil contamination exists, infrequent mobilizat...

The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion progress has been characterized by means of high-speed fuel tracer Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) combined with simultaneous chemiluminescence imaging. Imaging has been conducted using a high-speed laser and detector system. The system can acquire a sequence of eight images within less than one crank angle. The engine was r...

The size, especially the root size, of advance oak (Quercus spp.) reproduction provides the best indication of the growth potential afer release or top-kill. This study examined the relationship between the size of the root system and various diameterheight measurements for small (<60 cm) white oak (Q. alba L.) seedlings. Diameters measured at the top of the litter and humus luyers and at the r...

An experimental investigation and optimization study of various piston geometries was conducted on Greaves single cylinder direct injection compression ignition engine using straight diesel and blends of rice bran biodiesel. The three combustion chamber geometries used in this study were Standard toroidal piston (STP), hemispherical bowl piston (HBP) and Shallow toroidal re-entrant piston (STRP...

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on a grid supported cobalt nanocatalyst were grown, by exposing it to combustion gases from ethylene/air rich premixed flames. Ten equivalence ratios (φ) were investigated, as follows: 1.37, 1.44, 1.47, 1.50, 1.55, 1.57, 1.62, 1.75, 1.82, and 1.91. MWCNT growth could be observed for the range of equivalence ratios between 1.45 and 1.75, with the best yield ...