in this paper we provide explicit formulas for the number of elements/subgroups/cyclic subgroups of a given order and for the total number of subgroups/cyclic subgroups in a finite hamiltonian group. the coverings with three proper subgroups and the principal series of such a group are also counted. finally, we give a complete description of the lattice of characteristic subgroups of a finite h...

This is the third part of the five-part saga on the umbral transfermatrix method, based on Gian-Carlo Rota’s seminal notion of the umbra. In this article we describe the Maple package ZOO that for any specific k, automatically constructs an umbral scheme for enumerating “k-board” lattice animals (polyominoes) on the two-dimensional square lattice. Such umbral schemes enable counting these impor...

Efficient implementation of morphological operations requires the decomposition of structuring elements into the dilation of smaller structuring elements. Zhuang and Haralick (1986) presented a search algorithm to find optimal decompositions of structuring elements in binary morphology. We use the concepts of Top of a set and Umbra of a surface to extend this algorithm to find an optimal decomp...

We report spectropolarimetric observations of a supersonic downflow impacting the lower atmosphere within large sunspot umbra. This work is an extension Schad et al. using acquired in He i 10830 Å triplet by Facility Infrared Spectropolarimeter. Downflowing material accelerating along cooled coronal loop reaches peak speeds near 200 km s−1 and exhibits both high speed emission absorption umbra,...

In this paper we provide explicit formulas for the number of elements/subgroups/cyclic subgroups of a given order and for the total number of subgroups/cyclic subgroups in a finite Hamiltonian group. The coverings with three proper subgroups and the principal series of such a group are also counted. Finally, we give a complete description of the lattice of characteristic subgroups of a finite H...

In this research we described the effective Hamiltonian theory and applied this theory to the calculation of current-current (Q1,2) and QCD penguin (Q3,…,6) c quark decay rates. We calculated the decay rates of semileptonic and hadronic of charm quark in the effective Hamiltonian theory. We investigated the decay rates of D meson decays according to Spectator Quark Model (SQM) for the calculati...

Observations of a sunspot region located near the center of the solar disk were obtained on October 3, 1994, with the Multichannel Subtractive Double Pass Spectrograph (MSDP). This instrument, operating in Hα, was installed at the focus of the VTT at Tenerife (Canary Islands) and provided Hα intensity profiles at every pixel of the field of view. Reconstruction of the Hα profile allowed the com...