AIMS To assess whether pre-soaking files in an enzymatic cleaner prior to ultrasonic cleaning had any effect on cleanliness and also to assess the effect of the time that endodontic files spend in an ultrasonic bath prior to sterilization on their overall cleanliness. METHODOLOGY Twenty root canals in a total of ten patients were cleaned and shaped using conventional techniques. Following use...

In this paper we present ChirpCast, a system for broadcasting network access keys to laptops ultrasonically. This work explores several modulation techniques for sending and receiving data using sound waves through commodity speakers and built-in laptop microphones. Requiring only that laptop users run a small application, the system successfully provides robust room-specific broadcasting at da...

Histological preparations of ultrasonically produced lesions in cat brain, at 3 and 4 MHz, have been studied microscopically. The relationship of the delivered acoustic intensity at the lesion site, the energy absorbed per unit volume of the lesion, and the lesion volume is exhibited. It is suggested that universal responses to ultrasonic exposure may exist for different tissues.

A novel Schiff base was synthesized by the reaction of piperonal and anthranilic acid, which was further utilized in the synthesis of five novel complexes by reaction with different metal salts ultrasonically. Time for the reaction was greatly reduced through ultrasound irradiations and the yield of reactions was also high as compared to the conventional methods using reflux conditions. The...

The single-electron transistor is the fastest and most sensitive electrometer available today. Single-electron pumps and turnstiles are also being explored as part of the global effort to redefine the ampere in terms of the fundamental physical constants. However, the possibility of electrons tunnelling coherently through these devices, a phenomenon known as co-tunnelling, imposes a fundamental...

Blood flow speed is an important functional parameter. Doppler ultrasound flowmetry lacks sufficient sensitivity to slow blood flow (several to tens of millimeters per second) in deep tissue. To address this challenge, we developed ultrasonically encoded photoacoustic flowgraphy combining ultrasonic thermal tagging with photoacoustic imaging. Focused ultrasound generates a confined heat source ...

Mouse ovaries were exposed in vivo to 1 MHz continuous wave ultrasonic energy at spatial peak intensities ranging from 5 to 100 W/cm2 for times varying from 300 to 15 s depending on the intensity. Following exposure the ovaries were surgically removed at times ranging from immediately (within 60 s) to 7 days and prepared histologically for light microscopic analysis. The observed tissue alterat...

Three electrolysis cells with built-in ultrasonic transmitters were developed by Energetics Technologies. The ultrasonic transmitters induce cavitation in the electrolyte in the vicinity of the palladium cathode for in-situ cleaning and activation of the cathode surface, generation of dislocations, assistance in loading and excitation of the Pd-D system. The ultrasonically assisted electrolysis...

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, W. De Croylaan 46, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium, [email protected] 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Associated Faculty of Technology and Biosciences, Campus De Nayer, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Jan De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium, [email protected] 3 Department of Chemical Engineering, U...