In the continuing trend of lower taxation regimes in economically advanced states, many regulatory agencies have suffered budgets cuts since the 1980’s. The resultant diminished power and resources of government regulators, has seen others move into the vacated regulatory space. Environmental NGO’s, commercial third parties, and business and industry self-regulators, have become important playe...

El Tribunal Constitucional Federal alemán (TCFA) ha basado en la «garantía de eternidad» del art. 79.3 Constitución alemana afirmación identidad constitucional este país frente a Unión Europea (UE) y su derecho. A partir esa garantía se desarrolla relación con UE el TCFA ido estableciendo jurisprudencia las condiciones estructurales que esta impone para participación Alemania UE: transferencia ...

Federal Alman Anayasa Mahkemesi içtihatlarıyla AB Hukukuna yön veren bir role sahiptir. mahkemesinin Hukuku ve ulusal hukuk ilişkisinde 1974 tarihli “Solange I” kararı, 1986 II” 1993 “Maastricht” 2009 “Lizbon” 2010 “Honeywell” kararı 2014 “OMT” bu bağlamda milat teşkil eden kararlar olarak literatüründe yer almaktadır. Makalede Mahkemesi’nin birincil (primer) hukukunun ultra-vires denetimi anay...

Modern applications have become increasingly complex in both function and construction. Commerce websites use inferred user preferences to show relevant merchandise, banking websites implement complex transaction protocols, social networks need to safeguard sensitive user information, and mobile applications incorporate authentication, sharing, and payment mechanisms. Third-party services have ...

The motivation of this project is to develop a computer model which allows the modelling of human response to a variety of human threat scenarios. These may range across both natural threats such as disease, fire and flood and unnatural events including accident and deliberate acts such as terrorist attacks. The tool is being developed in response to a number of requests from third parties, inc...

Beş büyük gücün veto yetkileriyle ağırlıklı olarak kontrol ettikleri Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) Güvenlik Konseyi oldukça geniş bir alanda kararlar almakta ve bu kararları hayata geçirmeleri için devletleri zorlamaktadır. karar alırken, BM Şartı’ndan kaynaklanan yetkilerini cömert yorumlamış şekilde “küresel yasa koyucu” rolüne bürünmüştür. Konseyi, özellikle 11 Eylül saldırılarından sonra ile tüm...

There has been extensive work on the existence of periodic solutions for nonlinear second order autonomous differantial equations, but little work regarding the third order problems. The popular Poincare-Bendixon theorem applies well to the former but not the latter (see [2] and [3]). We give a necessary condition for the existence of periodic solutions for the third order autonomous system...